HYS - CH5.1, 8.3 - Motivation and Attitudes Flashcards

CH 5.1 and CH8

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1
Q

factors influencing motivation

A

**instinct **- driven to behaviors based on evolutionarily preprogrammed instincts
arousal - arousal required in order to preform actions optimally (any kind of tension ex fight flight freeze, promise)

want to return to homestasis
drive - biological - urge to carry out behavior to serve biolgical need

(hunger, sex satisf, reprod, av death)
needs - a reason to act towards a goal that provides direction and purpose towards a behavior. psych or physical
(Maslow hiearchy of needs)

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2
Q

(Maslow hiearchy of needs)

A

previous idea: people start at bottom and go up

WRONG any and all needs can be addressed at same time

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3
Q

attitude

A

expression of positive or negative feeling towards a person place thing or scenario

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4
Q

Kinds of attitudes

A

an affective component (feelings, emotional)

a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior) grounded by action towards the attitude object. Some of these may include screaming at the sight of a particular insect or rodent, or a habitual behavior such as nausea before giving a presentation with a large audience.

cognitive component (belief and knowledge).

Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object.

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5
Q

social cognitive theory

A

people observe behavior of others and copy not through their own

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6
Q

foot in the door

A

agree to small request to agree to large request

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7
Q

role playing behaviors

A

learned behavior that people adopt as their own

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8
Q

insufficient justification

A

social situations cause behaviors but is not recognized as the cause

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9
Q

overjustification

A

view behavior as caused by situation rather than own interest

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10
Q

cognitive dissonance and solutions

A

discomfort when we behave in ways we see as inconsistent

  1. change behavior
  2. reduce dissonant cognitions (ignore)
  3. new constant cognitions (lie)
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11
Q

which are involved in knee jerk reflex arc?

afferent, efferent, interneurons, the brain

A

afferent, efferent, interneurons

Afferent neurons are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain,

efferent neurons are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous systme and towards muscles to cause movement

NOT the brain

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12
Q

which NT are inhibitory

A

GABA and glycine

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13
Q

is serotonin inhibitory or excitatory?

A

depends

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14
Q

major excitatory NT in brain

A

glutamate

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15
Q

which of following is not a result of activation of sympathetic nervous system?

decreased skin conductance, dilation of pupils, increased heart rate, increase blood glucose concentration

A

decreased skin conductance

we want more blood under it

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16
Q

what type of family study helps distinquish between genetic and environmental effects on behavior?

A

family studies - similar genetics and environment
adoption- diff genetics, same environment
twins - same genetics, diff environmeents or mixed