wk 5 social

Question 1

prejudice

Answer 1

(affective component) (feeling)

typically negative feeling towards a member of a group because of their group membership

Question 2

Stereotypes

Answer 2

(cognitive component) (beliefs)

fixed, overgeneralised belief about a particular group or class of people

Question 3

Discrimination

Answer 3

(behavioural component)

Actual violence or action with a negative action on a minority group

Question 4

Microagressions

Answer 4

brief daily verbal, behavioural, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative slights and insults towards minorities (Sue et al, 2007)

Question 5

Microassaults

Answer 5

: Deliberate actions or slurs characterised primarily by a verbal or nonverbal statement or behaviour. meant to hurt the intended victim.

Question 6

Microinsults:

Answer 6

Verbal and nonverbal communications that subtly convey rudeness and insensitivity and demean a person’s racial heritage or identity.

Question 7

Microinvalidations:

Answer 7

Communications that subtly exclude, negate, or nullify the thoughts, feelings, or experiential reality of minority group person.

Question 8

Motivational approach to explaining prejudice

Answer 8

Being prejudice and discriminating against an out-group fulfils a major psychological function:

It makes us feel more positive about ourselves and the groups to which we belong

Question 9

Social identity theory

(Motivational approach to explaining prejudice)

Answer 9

1) aswell a a personal identity, we have a social identity

2) Social identity is derived from out group membership

3) WE gain self-esteem from out group membership. So that if we, our group, is criticised we feel negative emotion and a drop in self esteem

Question 10

Drawing on SIT, Motivational Approach argues that when self-esteem is low, in order to restore this threatened self-esteem, people will:

Answer 10

1) Focus on the positive aspects of the groups to which they do belong

2) Focus on the negative aspects of the groups to which they do not belong and treat out-group badly.

This out-group hostility is the genesis of prejudice.

Question 11

Socio-Cognitive approach to understanding prejudice and discrimination

Answer 11

Built on idea we rely on cognitive heuristics (mental shortcuts to navigate world)
-NOT always accurate

One inevitable heuristic is categorisation (reduces cognitive load)

categorise people based from outside feature

ascribing group membership to an individual results in people starting to perceive differences in people (even ones that aren’t there )

leads to
Out-group homogeneity effect

Illusory correlations

Question 12

Out-group homogeneity effect

Answer 12

Tendency to see in-group as diverse but out group as all alike

Question 13

Illusory correlation

Answer 13

An incorrect belief that two events are related when they aren’t

-Distinctive (low frequency) events capture attention
-Minority members are low frequency
-Negative events (e.g: crimes) are also salient
Negative behaviours from minority members are DOUBLY DISTINCT

then the amount this happens is overestimated