Chapter 1

Question 1

self-regulating a state of balance within the body despite changes in the conditions of the external environment

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

body system in charge of homeostasis

Answer 2

nervous and endocrine system

Question 3

the optimal/normal value of condition of temperature, pH, oxygen level

Answer 3

set point

Question 4

deviations from set point can lead to

Answer 4

negative and positive feedback

Question 5

the goal is to decrease the factor/condition in order to maintain homeostasis

Answer 5

negative feedback

Question 6

the goal is to increase the factor/condition in order to achieve homeostasis

Answer 6

positive feedback

Question 7

harmful feedbacks

Answer 7

rising temperature during infection

Question 8

study of body structures and relationship between structures and function

Answer 8

anatomy

Question 9

approaches in studying anatomy

Answer 9

systemic, regional, surface

Question 10

deals with organ system level

Answer 10

systemic

Question 11

deals with the area of the body

Answer 11

regional

Question 12

deals with external features/projections

Answer 12

surface

Question 13

study of functions and processes of living things. body’s response to stimuli and maintenance of stable internal conditions

Answer 13

physiology

Question 14

approaches in studying physiology

Answer 14

cellular and systemic

Question 15

pertains to processes inside the cell

Answer 15

cellular

Question 16

pertains to the functions of an organ system

Answer 16

systemic

Question 17

interaction and relationship of individual
body parts to perform a specific function

Answer 17

organization

Question 18

ability to use energy to perform vital function (growth, movement, reproduction)

Answer 18

metabolism

Question 19

ability to sense and respond to stimuli

Answer 19

responsiveness

Question 20

increase of cell number resulting to overall
enlargement of parts or the organism itself

Answer 20

growth

Question 21

changes in an organism through time
(growth + differentiation)

Answer 21

development

Question 22

formation of new cells / organism

Answer 22

reproduction

Question 23

chemical and molecules constituting a structure

Answer 23

chemical level

Question 24

organelles constituting the cell

Answer 24

cellular level

Question 25

collection of cells with similar function

Answer 25

tissue level

Question 26

one or more tissue performing the same function

Answer 26

organ level

Question 27

group of organs performing a common
function or set of functions

Answer 27

organ system level

Question 28

organism itself

Answer 28

organism level

Question 29

fluid-filled coelom or spaces that houses and protects the organs

Answer 29

cavity

Question 30

double layer, lines wall of cavity and
surface of the organ; secretes lubricating substances

Answer 30

membranes

Question 31

encloses the organ of the nervous system

Answer 31

dorsal body cavity

Question 32

houses the brain

Answer 32

cranial cavity

Question 33

houses the spinal cord

Answer 33

vertebral canal

Question 34

viscera (vast majority of internal organs)

Answer 34

ventral body cavity

Question 35

heart and lungs, other organs in the periphery

Answer 35

thoraic cavity

Question 36

digestive glands and organs, urinary, excretory and reproductive organs

Answer 36

abdominopelvic cavity

Question 37

houses the lungs

Answer 37

pleural cavity

Question 38

heart, blood vessels, thymus, esophagus, trachea

Answer 38

mediastinum

Question 39

majority of the digestive system and glands
* Peritoneal cavity

Answer 39

abdominal cavity

Question 40

houses the bladder, rectum, reproductive organ

Answer 40

pelvic cavity

Question 41

membranes of the dorsal cavity

Answer 41

meninges

Question 42

membranes of the ventral body cavity

Answer 42

serous membranes, pericardial, pleural, peritoneal

Question 43

lines the wall of ventral body cavity

Answer 43

parietal

Question 44

lines the viscera / internal organ

Answer 44

visceral