Chapter 3.2

Question 1

active mechanisms that require cell energy

Answer 1

active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis, transcytosis

Question 2

passive mechanisms that do not require cell energy

Answer 2

simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration

Question 3

ability of osmosis to generate enough pressure to move a volume of water

Answer 3

osmotic pressure

Question 4

osmotic pressure increases as…

Answer 4

the concentration of nonpermeable solutes increases

Question 5

same osmotic pressure

Answer 5

isotonic

Question 6

higher osmotic pressure (water loss)

Answer 6

hypertonic

Question 7

lower osmotic pressure (water gain)

Answer 7

hypotonic

Question 8

another passive process of moving material through a cell
membrane

Answer 8

filtration

Question 9

type of gradient diffusion and osmosis rely on

Answer 9

concentration gradient

Question 10

type of gradient diffusion filtration uses

Answer 10

pressure gradient

Question 11

movement in filtration

Answer 11

molecules will move from an area of higher pressure
to an area of lower pressure. Filtration is non-specific.

Question 12

the movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.

Answer 12

active transport

Question 13

cell engulfs a substance by forming a vesicle around the
substance

Answer 13

endocytosis

Question 14

three types of endocytosis

Answer 14

pinocytosis (mostly water) , phagocytosis (mostly solid), receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 15

• substances in a vesicle fuse with
  cell membrane
• contents released outside the
  cell
• release of neurotransmitters
  from nerve cells

Answer 15

exocytosis

Question 16

a type of transcellular transport in which various macromolecules are transported across the interior
of a cell. macromolecules are captured in vesicles on one side of the cell, drawn across the cell, and ejected on the other side.

Answer 16

transcytosis