1.5: Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 1

The transer of genetic information (genes) from one cell to another

Question 2

What are the features of genetic engineering?

2

Answer 2

• Usually involves bacterial cells as it is easier to alter their genetic material
• Can be useful to produce medicines such as insulin

Question 3

What are the 5 steps of genetic engineering?

Answer 3

1. Identify the section of DNA that contains the required gene from the source chromosome
2. Extract the required gene from the source chromosome
3. Extract plasmis from the bacterial cell
4. Insert required gene into bacterial plasmid and seal using enzymes
5. Insert plasmid into host bacterial cell to produce a genetically modified organism

Question 4

What is a genetically modified organism?

Answer 4

An organism that has had its genetic material altered by genetic engineering