Chapter 14

Question 1

infection

Answer 1

disease from invasion / growth of microbes within the body

Question 2

infection control

Answer 2

practice / procedures to prevent spread of infection

Question 3

microorganisms

Answer 3

(microbe) small living organisms only viewable with microscope

Question 4

pathogen

Answer 4

harmful microbes that cause infection

Question 5

non-pathogens

Answer 5

microbes usually not a cause of infection

Question 6

normal flora

Answer 6

microbes that normally live and grow in a certain area

Question 7

antibiotics

Answer 7

drugs that kill bacteria

Question 8

multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)

Answer 8

microbe resistant to antibiotic

Question 9

multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) is caused by

Answer 9

when antibiotics are used when not needed or when antibiotic consumption is stopped before entire duration

Question 10

colonization

Answer 10

infected person with pathogens but not displaying symptoms / signs

Question 11

local infection

Answer 11

infection in a body part

Question 12

systemic infection

Answer 12

infection of whole body

Question 13

communicable / contagious disease

Answer 13

disease by pathogen that can be spread to others

Question 14

pathway of infection:

Answer 14

1) source
2) reservoir
3) portal of exit
4) method of transmission
5) portal of entry
6) susceptible host
repeat

Question 15

carrier

Answer 15

human / animal reservoir with no infection in the pathway process

Question 16

healthcare-associated infection

Answer 16

(HAI) infection developed in person while in care

Question 17

nonsocomial infection

Answer 17

infection from normal flora

Question 18

asepsis

Answer 18

absence of disease-producing microbes

Question 19

medical asepsis (cleaning techniques)

Answer 19

practices used to REDUCE number / spread of microbes

Question 20

surgical asepsis (sterile technique)

Answer 20

practice used to REMOVE ALL microbes

Question 21

sterile

Answer 21

absence of all microbes

Question 22

contamination

Answer 22

process of becoming unclean

Question 23

cross-contamination

Answer 23

passing microbes from one person to another with contaminated hands / equipment / supplies

Question 24

hand-hygiene

Answer 24

prevent cross-contamination; soap and warm water / alcohol based hand-sanitizer

Question 25

patient zone

Answer 25

person’s room / surrounding objects

Question 26

health-care zone

Answer 26

all objects / areas outside of person’s room

Question 27

disinfection

Answer 27

process of killing pathogens

Question 28

sterilization

Answer 28

process of destroying all microbes with high heat

Question 29

bloodborne pathogen standard

Answer 29

OSHA standard; microbes present in blood and cause infection (HIV, HBV, etc.)

Question 30

other potentially infection material (OPIM)

Answer 30

semen, vaginal secretion, dental procedure saliva, etc. MAY contain blood

Question 31

vaccination

Answer 31

giving vaccine to produce immunity using dead / weakened microbes

Question 32

personal protective equipment (PPE)

Answer 32

clothing / equipment to protect against potential hazard

Question 33

biohazardous waste

Answer 33

items contaminated with blood / OPIM

Question 34

exposure incident

Answer 34

blood / OPIM contact with mucus membrane, parentaral (pierced skin), open wound, etc; REPORT IMMEDIATELY

Question 35

source individual

Answer 35

persons whos blood / OPIM you got exposed to