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NURS105 > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

Urinary Needs

1
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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2
Q

functional incontinence

A

person has bladder control but is unable to use bathroom in time

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3
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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4
Q

mixed incontinence

A

combination of stress and urge incontinence

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5
Q

nocturia

A

frequent urination at night

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6
Q

oliguria

A

small amount of urination; less than 500mL in 24 hours

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7
Q

over-flow incontinence

A

urine leaks due to a full bladder

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8
Q

polyuria

A

abnormally large amounts of urine

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9
Q

reflex incontinence

A

urine is lost at predictable intervals w/ a specific amount of urine in the bladder at a time

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10
Q

stress incontinence

A

urine leaks during exercise / movements cause of pressure on bladder

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11
Q

transient incontinence

A

temp. / occasional incontinence that is reversed when cause is treated

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12
Q

urge incontinence

A

loss or urine in response to a sudden need to void; person cannot get to toilet in time

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13
Q

urinary frequency

A

voiding at frequent intervals

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14
Q

urinary incontinence (UI)

A

involuntary loss / leakage of urine

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15
Q

urinary retention

A

not being able to completely empty bladder

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16
Q

urination / voiding

A

need to void at once

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17
Q

average mL of urine produced a day ?

A

1500 mL

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18
Q

factors that affect urine production / frequency ?

A
  • age
  • disease
  • amount / kind of fluid ingested
  • salt
  • body temp.
  • perspiration
  • activity
  • some drugs
  • bladder problems
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19
Q

common fluids that increase urine production ?

A
  • coffee
  • tea
  • alcohol
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20
Q

what should you observe urine for ?

A
  • color
  • clarity
  • odor
  • amount (output)
  • particles
  • blood
21
Q

when should voiding device be cleaned and disinfected ?

A

after use

22
Q

how to handle urination devices properly w/ both hands ?

A

one hand should be “clean” (it does not touch device)

23
Q

fracture bedpans are sued for what persons ?

A
  • w/ cats
  • in tractions
  • limited back motions
  • osteoporosis / arthritis
  • hip fracture / replacement surgery
24
Q

proper placement of fracture bedpan ?

A

the wide rim should be placed toward the back

25
Q

info you need to know when assisting w/ bedpans ?

A
  • type of bedpan
  • if person can raise their hips
  • if you can leave the room
  • if nurse needs to observe urine
  • what observations
  • when to report
  • persons concerns to report
26
Q

how to handle metal bad pan properly ?

A
  • warm w/ warm water and dry
  • use type of bed pan properly
27
Q

how to place bedpan if person can raise hips ?

A

1) person pushes hips up by driving feet into mattress
2) assist w/ hand on lower back as needed
3) place waterproof under pad and slide bedpan properly underneath

28
Q

how to place bedpan if person can’t raise hips ?

A

1) turn person away from you
2) place waterproof under pad
3) place bedpan firmly against buttock
4) holding bedpan, turn person back supine

29
Q

what bed position should bed pans be used in ?

A

sitting position (fowlers); whatever position is most comfortable for person

30
Q

how often should you check on the person if you leave the room ?

A

every 5 min

31
Q

how should you dispose of contents in bedpan ?

A

1) observe / take note of clarity, color, etc.
2) empty into toilet
3) rinse bedpan and empty rinse into toilet
4) flush toilet

32
Q

how are urinal handled ?

A
  • after use it is capped
  • emptied as soon as possible
33
Q

why are urinals emptied as soon as possible ?

A

prevent spills, slipping and growth of microbes

34
Q

info you need to know when assisting w/ bedpans ?

A
  • position urinal is used (standing, sitting, lying)
  • help to gold / place it
  • if person needs support to stand; how many staff needed
  • if you need to stay
  • if nurse needs to observe urine
  • when to report
  • persons concerns to report
35
Q

when are urinals cleaned / disinfected ?

A

after use

36
Q

how should urinal always be positioned ?

A

downward to prevent spills

37
Q

how should contents in urinal be disposed of ?

A

1) uncap urinal
2) note clarity, etc.
3) empty into toilet
4) rinse w/ cold water and empty rinse into toilet
5) flush toilet and clean / disinfect urinal

38
Q

info you need to know when using commodes ?

A
  • where its used (bedside / toilet)
  • how much help is needed
  • if can leave / need to stay
  • if nurse needs to observe elimination
  • what / when to report / record
  • persons concerns to report
39
Q

goals of managing UI ?

A
  • prevent UTIs
  • restore as much bladder function as psossible
40
Q

measures to help prevent UTIs ?

A
  • promoting fluid intake
  • keeping perineal area clean / dry
  • clean from front to back
  • wear cotton underwear
41
Q

how to help person manage UI ?

A
  • remind person to go
  • show them where to go / help them
  • bathroom / pathways clear / clutter-free
  • observe for need to void
  • report / help prevent incontinence
42
Q

incontinence product layers ?

A

3 total layers;
- top layer (underwear)
- bottom layer (pants)
- waterproof pad

43
Q

info you need to know to apply incontinence products ?

A
  • what product / size to use
  • if barrier cream is needed
  • what / when to report / record
  • persons concerns
44
Q

what are adult diapers ?

A

nothing !
not a proper term for them; call them briefs, pads, underwear, etc.

45
Q

how to put on new brief ?

A

1) remove used briefs / do perineal care
2) turn person side ways
3) apply new brief; should be centered w/ penis downward for men
4) turn person back supine
5) attach lower tabs; apply at slightly upward angle
6) attach upper tabs; apply horizontally / downward angle
7) smooth out / ensure comfort

45
Q

removing / applying briefs ?

A

remove and apply front to back

46
Q

methods of bladder training ?

A

1) pelvic floor muscle exercises
- contract pelvic muscles 3-5sec and relax then contract again
- repeated as needed
2) bladder re-training
- urinate following a schedule
- resist the urge when needed
- slowly increasing time between scheduled voids

47
Q

methods to help persons w/ dementia / confusion w/ bladder training ?

A
  • schedule voiding intervals to follow person’s own pattern (every 2 hours common)
  • prompted voiding monitoring, prompting, positive feedback (ask about need / tell to void / encourage normal voiding / awareness)

NURS105 (43 decks)

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