Chapter 2 pt. 3 Flashcards
Exam 1
1
Q
Sulcus and gyrus
A
- plural is sulci and gyri
- sulcus=a groove in the cerebral cortex
- gyri=matter between two grooves/wrinkles
- These increase the surface area of the brain, allowing it to process more info
- Increases how much info can be packed in the skull
2
Q
Gray and white matter
A
- In an image gray is darker than white matter
- Gray matter contains cell bodies and dendrites (no myelin)
- White matter contains axons w fatty white myelin sheath
3
Q
Axon tracts
A
- When lots of myelinated axons travel together, they appear white due to the myelin sheath
- Multiple axons traveling form a tract (called a tract in the CNS + a ganglia in the PNS)
- Cortical and subcortical regions communicate with one another via these tracts
4
Q
Corpus collosum
A
Axon tract that joins the two hemispheres
5
Q
Cerebral cortex parts and landmarks
A
- frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe
- central sulcus, sylvian fissure, and longitudinal fissure
6
Q
cerebral cortex
frontal lobe
A
front of the brain, makes decisions
7
Q
cerebral cortex
parietal lobe
A
- middle of the brain on top
- associatiion cortex that takes info from multiple locations, crunches it up, and then determines what to do
- Hand-eye coordination and other complex functions rely on the parietal lobe
- Integrates visual info
8
Q
cerebral cortex
Occipital lobe
A
- At the very back of your brain (cerebellum sits underneath)
- primary visual cortex
9
Q
cerebral cortex
temporal lobe
A
- right behind your ears
- primary auditory cortex is a part
- visual association cortex, helps you to identify objects
- primary olfactory cortex
10
Q
Central sulcus
A
- central grove that is very big and expands from the middle all the way down
- divides frontal from parietal lobe
11
Q
Sylvian fissure
A
- Fissure is a slightly larger sulcus
- divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe from the temporal lobe
12
Q
Longitudinal fissure
A
divides the two hemispheres of the brain
13
Q
Sensory cortical region of cerebral cortex
A
- involved in processing sensory input. recieves strong input from sensory organs
- Primary sensory cortex
- visual cortex- within occipital lobe
- auditory cortex-part of the temporal lobe that allows auditory processing
14
Q
Motor cortical region of the cerebral cortex
A
- invloved in driving movements or generating motor responses
- makes strong connection to the spinal cord
- primary motor cortex is one of the most important areas in driving movement (in the frontal lobe)
15
Q
Associative cortical region of the cerebral cortex
A
- involved in cognitive operations that are intermediate between sensing stimuli and acting upon them
- parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and prefrontal cortex are associative