Week 4 Pre-Learning: Perfusion Review Flashcards
What is perfusion?
- the flow of blood through arteries and capillaries, delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells
Perfusion is a physiological process that requires what to occur? (2)
- requires the heart to generate sufficient cardiac output to transport blood through patent blood vessels for distribution in the tissues throughout the body
- therefore maintaining cardiovascular health is essential to optimal perfusion
The top of the heart is called the ____ ___, while the bottom of the heart is called the ____.
- broader base
- apex
Which 2 veins return unoxygenated blood to the heart?
- superior and inferior vena cava
____ _____ carries venous blood to the lungs
Pulmonary arteries
What do pulmonary veins do?
- return freshly oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart
Where are the tricuspid and mitral valves located?
Tricuspid valve - right AV
Mitral valve - Left AV
The ___ valves are open during diastole.
AV
What occurs in diastole? (3)
- Ventricles fill with blood
- Mitral and tricuspid valves open to allow for forward flow of blood to ventricles
- pulmonary and aortic valves close to prevent backflow
What are the two atrioventricular valves?
- Tricuspid valve
- Mitral valve
What are the two semilunar valves, and where are they located?
- Pulmonic valve on the right side
- Aortic valve on the left side
When are the semilunar valves opened?
during systole
What occurs during systole? (3)
- blood is ejected from the heart
- pulmonic and aortic valve open
- Mitral and tricuspid valve closes to prevent backflow to atria
Why do ventricles have thicker walls than atria? (2)
- blood is pumped out at a greater pressure
- left ventricle is mostly stronger and 3x thicker than right ventricle because it pushes blood to entire body
Diagram of the heart and blood flow
Hemodynamics diagram
