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NURS2514 > Week 2: GI Tract - Drugs for PUD: Antiulcer and antibiotics > Flashcards

Week 2: GI Tract - Drugs for PUD: Antiulcer and antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Another antiulcer drug is sucralfate. What is the MOA? (2)

A
  • Protects against ulcers by creating a mucosal barrier against acid and pepsin
  • Undergoes chemical reaction in acidic environment of stomach to form a sticky gel
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2
Q

How long does sucralfate adhere to ulcers? How is it eliminated? How is it administered? (3)

A
  • adheres to ulcers for 6 hours
  • eliminated in feces
  • Oral administration only
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3
Q

What are indications of sucralfate? (2)

A
  • GERD
  • Duodenal ulcers
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4
Q

What are the adverse effects of sucralfate? (2)

A
  • Constipation (rare)
  • No systemic side effects because it is not absorbed
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5
Q

What are nursing considerations for Sucralfate? (3)

A
  • PO route only
  • Should not be taken within 30 min of antacids
  • Can alter absorption of many other meds, so should be taken 2 hours apaart
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6
Q

Another antiulcer drug is misoprostol. What is the MOA? (4)

A
  • Replaces endogenous prostaglandin
  • Suppresses secretion of gastric acid
  • Promotes secretion of bicarb/mucus
  • Increases mucosal blood flow

Note that prostaglandins are produced in the stomach and protect lining of mucosa through secretions

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7
Q

What are the indications of misoprostol? (2)

A
  • Limited to prevent NSAID induced gastroduodenal ulcers
  • often seen as a combination drug with NSAID
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8
Q

What are the adverse effects of misoprostol?

A

Minimal
- Diarrhea

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9
Q

What are nursing considerations of misoprostol? (2)

A
  • Contraindicated in pregnancy
  • will cause spontaneous abortion
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10
Q

Another antiulcer drug are antacids like tums. What is the MOA? (4)

A
  • alkaline compounds that neutralize stomach acids
  • raise pH of stomach (above 5)
  • reduce pepsin activity
  • stimulate production of prostaglandins
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11
Q

Are antacids systemically absorbed?

A

no, except sodium bicarbonate

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12
Q

What are the indications for antacids? (3)

A
  • GERD
  • PUD
  • Gastritis
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13
Q

What are some examples of antacids? (4)

A
  • Magnesium hydroxide
  • Aluminum hydroxide
  • Calcium carbonate (TUMS)
  • Sodium bicarbonate
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14
Q

What are the side effects of magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)? (3)

A
  1. Diarrhea
    - often administered with aluminum hydroxide to counteract this effect
  2. Avoid in patients with undiagnosed abd. pain
  3. Magnesium can accumulate in people with renal dysfunction
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15
Q

What are the side effects of aluminum hydroxide (almajel)? (2)

A
  • Constipation
  • High affinity for phosphate (can cause hypophosphatemia)
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16
Q

What are the adverse effects of calcium carbonate? (5)

A

Releases CO2, so:
- constipation
- belching
- flatulence

  • risk for acid rebound
  • calcium can accumulate in kidney failure (not recommended)
17
Q

What are the adverse effects of sodium bicarbonate? (4)

A
  • belching
  • flatulence (relases CO2)
  • In renal failure. can cause systemic alkalosis
  • High risk of sodium loading (dangerous for HTN, HF)
18
Q

What are some nursing considerations for antacids? (3, 8)

A
  1. Monitor GI function (constipation/diarrhea)
  2. Monitor electrolytes (Mg, Phos, Ca)
    - Hypermagnesia
    - Hyperphosphatemia
    - Hypercalcemia
  3. Give after meals
    - unpleasant to digest, adherence is difficult
    - available as liquid and chewable (liquid is more effective)
19
Q

What are the 4 classes of antibacterial drugs for PUD?

A
  • Amoxicillin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Metronidazole
  • tetracycline
20
Q

Why are antibacterials used for PUD?

A
  • always in combination to create broad coverage and to minimize resistance against H. Pylori
21
Q

What is the regimen for using antibacterials for PUD? (3)

A
  • regimen of 2-3 antibiotics along with a PPI for PUD
  • 10-14 days of therapy
  • Compliance is key
22
Q

What are side effects of antibacterials for PUD?

A
  • N+V

allergies to antimicrobials are common

23
Q

What are indications for antibacterials for PUD?

A
  • PUD caused by H. Pylori ONLY

NURS2514 (32 decks)

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