Textbook Chapter 1 pt.3 Flashcards
What is a common ancestor?
An ancestor that many other species have in common. An ancestral group of organisms that is shared by multiple lineages. (eg.humans and apes)
What is taxonomy?
Its a branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying species by grouping organisms according to common characteristics.
What is a “nerve net”
A simple nervous system that has no center (no brain or spinal chord ) but is just composed of multiple neurons
What is bilateral symmetry
When the nervous system on one side of the animal mirrors the other side (the humman nervous system is bilateral)
What is segmentation?
When the vertebrae of an animal contains repeating nervous system segments of the spinal cord.
What is Encephalization
Having the ganglia in the head
What is a ganglia
A collection of nerve cells (neurons) that functions similar to a brain.
What are chordates?
Animals that have both a brain and spinal cord
What is a cladogram chart?
A diagram that represents the relationships between organisms with branch points signifying possible common ancestors.
An increase in brain size in chordates is related to what?
It is related to new forms of locomotion and movement.
Brain cells evolved at about the same time as _________, showing that the to have a close relationship. 
Muscles
Evolutionary relationships among the nervous systems of animal lineages are classified by increasing complexity, progressing from a simple ________ ______ to a complex _______.
Nerve net to a complex brain
Branching diagram that represents groups of related animals is called a what?
Cladogram
Why is the study of movement central understanding the evolution of the brain
Our brain size is related to new forms of locomotion and movement, increases in the size of brain structures accommodate more complex movement.
