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medical terminolgy > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

carp/o

A

wrist bones

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2
Q

cis/o

A

cut

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3
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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4
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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5
Q

dactyl/o

A

fingers, toes

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6
Q

duct/o

A

lead, carry

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7
Q

flex/o

A

bend

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8
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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9
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

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10
Q

immun/o

A

protection

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11
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

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12
Q

mort/o

A

death

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13
Q

nat/i

A

birth

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14
Q

norm/o

A

rule, order

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15
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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16
Q

pub/o

A

pubis, anterior portion of hip bone

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17
Q

seps/o

A

infection

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18
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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19
Q

son/o

A

sound

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20
Q

the/o

A

put, place

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21
Q

thel/o & theli/o

A

nipple

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22
Q

tens/o

A

force, strain, stretch

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23
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid gland, shield

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24
Q

top/o

A

place, position, location

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25
Q

tox/o

A

poison

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26
Q

trache/o

A

windpipe, trachea

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27
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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28
Q

-crine

A

secerete

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29
Q

-drome

A

run

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30
Q

-fusion

A

coming together, to pour

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31
Q

-gea

A

substance that produces

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32
Q

-lapse

A

slide, fall, sag

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33
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, destruction, seperation

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34
Q

-meter

A

measure

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35
Q

-mission

A

send

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36
Q

-or

A

one who

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37
Q

-oxia

A

oxygen

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38
Q

-partum

A

birth, labor

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39
Q

-phoria

A

bear, carry, feeling

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40
Q

-physis

A

grow

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41
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

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42
Q

-plasm

A

structure or formation

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43
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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44
Q

-ptom

A

happening

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45
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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46
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling

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47
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

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48
Q

a- & an-

A

no, not, without

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49
Q

ab-

A

away from

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50
Q

ad-

A

toward

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51
Q

ana-

A

up, apart

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52
Q

ante-

A

before, forward

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53
Q

anti-

A

against

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54
Q

auto-

A

self, own

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55
Q

bi-

A

two

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56
Q

brady-

A

slow

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57
Q

cata-

A

down

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58
Q

con-

A

with, together

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59
Q

contra-

A

against, opposite

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60
Q

de-

A

down, lack of

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61
Q

dia-

A

through, complete

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62
Q

dys-

A

abnormal, painful, bad, difficult

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63
Q

ec-

A

out, outside

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64
Q

epi-

A

upon, on, above

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64
Q

endo-

A

in, within

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65
Q

eu-

A

good,normal

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66
Q

ex-

A

out, outside

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67
Q

hemi-

A

half

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68
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above

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69
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, under

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70
Q

infra-

A

beneath, under

70
Q

in-

A

not

71
Q

in-

A

into, within

72
Q

inter-

A

between

73
Q

intra-

A

in, within, into

74
Q

macro-

A

large

75
Q

mal-

A

bad

76
Q

meta-

A

beyond, change

77
Q

mirco-

A

small

78
Q

neo-

A

new

79
Q

pan-

A

all

80
Q

para-

A

abnormal, beside, near

81
Q

per-

A

through

82
Q

peri-

A

surrounding

83
Q

poly-

A

many, much

84
Q

post-

A

after, behind

85
Q

pre-

A

before, in front of

86
Q

pro-

A

before, forward

87
Q

pros-

A

before, forward

88
Q

re-

A

back, again

89
Q

retro-

A

behind, backward

90
Q

sub-

A

under

91
Q

supra-

A

above, under

92
Q

syn- & sym-

A

together, within

93
Q

tachy-

A

fast

94
Q

trans-

A

across, through

95
Q

ultra-

A

beyond, excess

96
Q

uni-

A

one

97
Q

antigen

A

a substance, foreign to body, that stimulates the production of anitbodies

98
Q

antibodies

A

protein substance made by white blood cells in response to the presence of a foreign antigen

99
Q

Rh condition

A

antigen-antibody condition that develops when there is a difference in Rh blood factor between a pregnant mother (Rh neg.) and a fetus (Rh pos.)

100
Q

congenital anomaly

A

-irregularity in a structure or organ that an infant is born with
-syndactyly, heart defects, clubbed feet

101
Q

syndactyly

A

webbed fingers or toes

102
Q

recombinant DNA

A

-taking a gene from on organism and inserting it into the DNA of another organism
-used to manufacture insulin outside the body

103
Q

crisper

A

acronym for a technique to change DNA sequence and turn off genes or replace them with new versions

104
Q

syndrome

A

group of signs or symptoms that commonly occur together and indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition

105
Q

reye syndrome

A

characterized by vomiting, swelling of the brain, increased intracranial pressure, hypoglycemia and dysfunction of the liver, may occur in children after a viral infection that was treated with aspirin

106
Q

transurethral resection of prostate gland (TURP)

A

-portion of the prostate gland is removed with an instrument passed through the urethra
-procedure is indicated when prostate tissue increases (hyperplasia) and interferes with urination
-benign hyperplasia

107
Q

ultrasonography

A

diagnostic technique using ultrasound waves to produce an image or photograph of an organ or tissue

108
Q

echocardiogram

A

ultrasound image of the heart

109
Q

sonogram

A

fetal ultrasound image

110
Q

anteflexion

A

bending forward

111
Q

adductor

A

muscle that carries the limb toward the body

112
Q

before birth

A

antepartum

113
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heartbeat

114
Q

adrenal

A

gland located near (above) each kidney

115
Q

apnea

A

absence of breathing

116
Q

contralateral

A

pertaining to the opposite side of body

117
Q

antisepsis

A

against infection

118
Q

anaylis

A

to seperate

119
Q

bilateral

A

pertaining to two (both) side

120
Q

anoxia

A

condition of no oxygen in tissues

121
Q

autoimmune disease

A

disorder in which the body’s leukocytes make antibodies that damage its own good tissue

122
Q

antitoxen

A

an antibody that acts against poisons that enter body

123
Q

euthyroid

A

normal thyroid function

124
Q

dyspnea

A

painful breathing

125
Q

ectopic

A

pregnancy that is out of place (outside the uterus)

126
Q

endoscope

A

instrument to visually examine within the body

127
Q

hemiglossectomy

A

removal of half the tongue

128
Q

euphoria

A

good feeling

129
Q

endotracheal

A

pertaining to within the windpipe

130
Q

hypoglcemia

A

blood condition of less than normal blood sugar

131
Q

macrocephaly

A

condition (congenital anomaly) of large head

132
Q

intercostal

A

pertaining to between the ribs

133
Q

intravenous

A

pertaining to within a vein

134
Q

dysplasia

A

condition of abnormal formation (cells)

135
Q

hyperplasia

A

condition of excessive formation (# of cells)

136
Q

endocardium

A

structure (membrane) that forms the inner lining of the heart

137
Q

infracostal

A

pertaining to below the ribs

138
Q

hyperglycemia

A

blood condition of excessive amount of sugar

139
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of congenital disorders involving abnormal development of muscle mass and strength

140
Q

mircocephaly

A

zika virus infection during pregnancy can be a cause of decreased development of an infants head and brain

141
Q

malaise

A

vague feeling of bodily discomfort

142
Q

insomina

A

inability to sleep

143
Q

dehydration

A

lack of water

144
Q

metastasis

A

spread of cancerous tumor to secondary organ or tissue

145
Q

mircoscope

A

instrument used to view small objects

146
Q

incision

A

cut into an organ or tissue

147
Q

exophtalmos

A

outward bulging of eyeballs

148
Q

metamorphosis

A

condition of change in shape or form

149
Q

diarrhea

A

watery discharge of wastes from colon

150
Q

pancytopenia

A

deficiency of all blood cells

151
Q

dialysis

A

separation of wastes from the blood by using a machine that does the job of the kidney

152
Q

malignant

A

harmful, cancerous

153
Q

percutaneous

A

pertaining to through the skin

154
Q

retroperitoneal

A

pertaining to behind the peritoneum

155
Q

suprapubic

A

above pubic bone

156
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many bones

157
Q

retroflexion

A

bending backwards

158
Q

subcutaneous

A

pertaining to below the skin

159
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid, fast breathing

160
Q

unilateral

A

pertaining to one side

161
Q

symptom

A

subjective change of condition as observed by patient

162
Q

relapse

A

return of disease

163
Q

paralysis

A

loss of movement in muscles

164
Q

parathyroid

A

four endocrine glands that are located near (behind) another endocrine gland in the neck

165
Q

prodrome

A

symptoms that come before the actual illness

166
Q

prolapse

A

sliding, sagging downward or forward

167
Q

neoplasm

A

new growth or tumor

168
Q

remission

A

symptoms lessen and the patient feels better

169
Q

neonatal

A

pertaining to new birth

170
Q

postmortem

A

after death

171
Q

bifurcation

A

branching into two

172
Q

hypotrophy

A

increase development (size of cells)

173
Q

antibiotic

A

pertaining to a chemical that works against bacterial life

174
Q

metacarpals

A

hand bones (beyond wrist)

175
Q

epithelium

A

surface or skin tissue of body

medical terminolgy (22 decks)

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