Pharmacology

Question 1

how medications move into, through, and out of the body and Affects duration, intensity of the medication’s effects

Answer 1

Pharmacokinetics

Question 2

how the medication acts once it is inside the body and why specific dosages produce specific effects

Answer 2

Pharmacodynamics

Question 3

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

• Absorption
• Distribution
• Metabolism (biotransformation)
• Elimination

Question 4

Absorption is Affected by:

Answer 4

*Site/route (blood supply, surface area)
* Concentration
* Solubility
* pH
* Bioavailability (extent and rate)

Question 5

Absorption is

Answer 5

”Pharmaceutical/dosage form” to biologically available substance

Question 6

Distribution is

Answer 6

Transport from site of absorption to site of action.

Question 7

Distribution is affected by

Answer 7

• Cardiovascular function (shock)
• Regional blood flow/lack of blood flow
• Storage reservoirs
• Plasma protein binding?
• Physiological barriers

Question 8

Metabolism types for drugs

Answer 8

• Inactive metabolite
• Active metabolite
• More active
• Less active

-Pro-drug to Active drug (need to be metabolized before doing anything)

Question 9

What is the main action of Alpha 1 receptors?

Answer 9

Peripheral vasodilation with some increase in strength of heart contraction (inotropy) and some increase in heart rate (chronotropy)

Question 10

Which receptor hits the heart the hardest?

Answer 10

Beta 1
Increases chronotropy, inotropy and dromotropy (speed of electrical conduction through AV node)

Question 11

What do beta 2 receptors act on?

Answer 11

Relaxes smooth muscle - peripheral vasodilation, bronchodilation

Question 12

Dopaminergic receptors do what?

Answer 12

Vasodilation in the kidneys and mesentery