PHTLS Class Lecture (Attempt)

Question 1

PHTLS GOAL

Answer 1

To improve PT outcomes by reducing mortality, treating injuries and minimizing damage resulting from trauma.

Question 2

What two things may occur with large volume resuscitation with normal saline?

Answer 2

Hyperchloremia and metabolic acidosis.

Normal saline carries a pH of 5.5

Question 3

PHTLS philosophy

Answer 3

Prehospital care practitioners must possess and apply critical thinking skills to rapidly make and carry out decisions that will enhance the survival of trauma PTs

Question 4

A principle is

Answer 4

A principle is the basis for maximizing a patient’s chance of survival

Question 5

A preference is

Answer 5

How the principle is implemented

Preferences may change depending on:
-Situation
-Patient Severity
-Prehospital care practitioner knowledge and skills
-Available resources

Question 6

Assessment Concepts

Answer 6

Time Sensitivity of critical injuries

Identify PT acuity and transport to most appropriate facility

Need for systematic assessment to identify injuries order of priority and initiate management during assessment as required.

Question 7

Reasons to upgrade airway:

Answer 7

Airway protection

Respiratory Failure

Expected course

Question 8

Primary Brain Injury is

Answer 8

an injury that occurs at the time of the mechanism and results in mechanical injury.

Question 9

Secondary Brain Injury is

Answer 9

caused by the physiologic response to the primary injury:
-injuries to structures that were not originally harmed by the primary injury.

Question 10

Preventing secondary injury is

Answer 10

the primary focus for the prehospital practitioner managing traumatic brain injured PTs

Question 11

Epidural Hematoma

Answer 11

Occurs above the Dura & moves side to side. Causes mass effect

Question 12

Subdural hematoma

Question 13

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 14

hypotension in a patient with TBI is a Bad thing!

Question 15

Signs of Herniation

Answer 15

-Dilated Pupil
-Weakness on one side of the body
-Babinski Reflex
-Abnormal Posturing
-Cushing reflex leads to Cushing’s Triad

Question 16

Class IV Shock findings..

Answer 16

This class is marked by tachycardia, tachypnea, profound confusion, decreased systolic BP.

Question 17

Normal amount of Na+ in the body…

Answer 17

135-145 mEq/L

Question 18

Normal amount of Chloride in the body..

Answer 18

96-106 mEq/L

Question 19

Cord Concussion

Question 20

Cord Contusion

Question 21

Spinal Shock

Question 22

Cord Compression

Question 23

Cord Laceration

Question 24

Complete Cord Transection

Question 25

Incomplete Cord Transection

Question 26

Superficial Burn

Answer 26

involve only the epidermis.

RED and PAINFUL

Question 27

Partial-Thickness Burns

Answer 27

-Involve epidermis and varying portions of portions of the underlying dermis
-Will appear as blister

Blistering, Painful, Glistening Wound Bed

Question 28

Full-thickness Burns

Answer 28

Deep into the tissue and result in complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis

LEATHERY, WHITE AND CHARRED, DEAD TISSUE,VICTIMS WILL HAVE PAIN FROM BURNED AREAS ADJACENT TO THE FULL-THICKNESS BURN.

Question 29

Parkland Formula PG 445