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Continuing Studies > AUS: South Australia > Flashcards

AUS: South Australia Flashcards

1
Q

1st year that production of dry wines overtook sweet wines in Australia

A

1970

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2
Q

Australia’s largest export market by value?

A

US - 20% of export value

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3
Q

Australia’s leading auction house?

A

Langton’s

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4
Q

Australian drought vintages in the early 2000’s

A

2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009

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5
Q

Australia’s 5 most planted varieties?

A

1 Shiraz

#2 Cabernet Sauvignon
#3 Chardonnay
#4 Merlot
#5 Semillon

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6
Q

Australia’s Label Integrity Program

A

1990 vintage on
* Stipulates 85% min for vintage, variety, origin
* if blend is listed, all varieties to 85% must be on label and must be in descending order

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7
Q

Year for 1st Aussie GIs?

A

1994
*reaction to signed agreement with EU which included phasing out European names

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8
Q

Wine Australia’s definition of Regions and Sub-regions?

A

Single tracts of lands
At least 5 vineyards at least 5ha each
At least 500 tonnes output/yr

*doesn’t have to be within single zone or single state

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9
Q

What year did Aussies lose the use of traditional Euro names?

A

2011 on

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10
Q

Southeastern Australia Zone - why?

A

Entire states of Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales with wine growing areas of S. Aus, Queensland

Response to EU law requiring varietally labelled wines to carry a specific origin. This was a favor to mass-market varietal wine.

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11
Q

New Aussie name for Tokay?

A

Topaque

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12
Q

New Aussie name for Sherry?

A

Apera

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13
Q

regulated deficit irrigation

A

*Aussie irrigation technique developed in the 80s/90s
*creates water stress during key times in the vine’s life cycle. Useful for red grapes
*marginal water use savings, not great for aromatic varieties as water stress slows development of monoterpenes in ripening

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14
Q

Partial Rootzone Drying

A

*developed by Aus in 80s/90s
*more effective at reducing water (up to 50%) than RDI
*alternates irrigation from one side to the other, keeping one side dry and the other wet at all times

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15
Q

Chaptalization in Aus?

A

No

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16
Q

Capital of South Australia?

A

Adelaide

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17
Q

3 factors that led to South Australia’s dominance in production?

A
  1. avoided phylloxera: 1874 ban on imported vine material when Victoria succumbed to the pest
  2. 1901 cessation of interstate trade duties let SA be competitive in NSW and Victoria
  3. development of irrigation systems for Riverland
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18
Q

Phylloxera in South Australia

A

None, thanks to strong biosecurity regulations
* 1874 quarantine legislation prohibited movement of vine material
* Phylloxera and Grape Industry Act (1995) updated those regulations and led to formation of VineHealth Australia

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19
Q

Phylloxera-free Australian states

A

Western Australia
Tasmania
South Australia

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20
Q

Adelaide Super Zone

A

Barossa
Fleurieu
Mount Lofty Ranges

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21
Q

Barossa’s 1st commercial winery?

A

Orlando Wines
*planted by Johann Gramp, 1847 along the banks of Jacob’s Creek in Rowland Flat

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22
Q

World’s oldest Shiraz vines?

A

Langmeil’s Freedom Vineyard, 1843
Barossa

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23
Q

World’s oldest Grenache vines?

A

3ha plot owned by Cirillo, planted in 1850
Barossa

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24
Q

World’s oldest Mourvedre vines?

A

Koch Family’s “Old Garden”, planted 1853 - bottled by Hewitson
Barossa

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25
Q

World’s oldest Cabernet Sauvignon vines?

A

Penfold’s Block 42 in Kalimna - 1888
Barossa

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26
Q

Barossa Old Vine Charter

A

*based on Yalumba’s internal system
Old Vines: 35+
Survivor Vines: 70+
Centenarian Vines: 100+
Ancestor Vines: 125+

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27
Q

Barossa Valley GI climate vs Eden Valley GI?

A

Both Mediterranean - but Eden is more “temperate”. Cooler, wetter, rainier. Higher elevation.

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28
Q

Barossa zone GI’s?

A

1) Barossa Valley GI: lower elevation (100 - 300M) and a few degrees warmer.

2) Eden Valley GI: 400 - 600M, cooler, sparsely planted and lacks water access. More quartz/rockier soils.

3) High Eden GI: southernmost/highest area of Eden Valley. Riesling area
(Mountadam championed this area)

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29
Q

100 Year Old Para

A

Seppeltsfield, Barossa Valley GI
*Grenache, Shiraz, Mataro -fortified with brandy
*1st vintage 1878
*sold in 100ml only, due to scarcity of the wine. Previously it was available in 375ml, but no longer

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30
Q

Penfolds Grange
- OG winemaker
- Bin #
- fermentation vessel
- assemblage
- last vintage for “hermitage”
- GI

A

1st vintage 1951 by Max Schubert
*Bin 95
*ferments in new American oak hogsheads
*$750 to $900ish
*primarily Shiraz with some Cab - usually less than 5% and never more than 14%
*dropped the “Hermitage” from 1990 on
*South Australia label
*owned by Treasury

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31
Q

Elderton’s Command

A

Barossa
100% Shiraz- single vineyard bottling from vines 125+ years old
Retails for bout $110

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32
Q

What producer popularized Australia’s Sparkling Burgundy?

A

Best’s Great Western (Victoria) - though the style was first made in Adelaide Hills, 1888
*Rockford and Peter Rumball make respectable versions

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33
Q

Runrig, The Laird

A

Barossa Shiraz by Torbreck
*Laird is more expensive than Penfolds Grange

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34
Q

“Margaret” bottling from Australia

A

Peter Lehmann
Semillon planted in 1929
Barossa Valley GI

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35
Q

Eden Valley’s 1st vineyard?

A

Pewsey Vale, 1847

36
Q

Hill of Grace

A

Eden Valley GI; Henschke Shiraz
Langton’s 1st Classified

37
Q

Mount Edelstone

A

Eden Valley GI Shiraz; Henschke
Langton’s 1st Classified
* planted 1912, 1st vintage in 1952
* Australia’s longest continually made single vineyard wine (probably)

38
Q

GI’s of Fleurieu?

A

McLaren Vale GI
Langhorne Creek GI
Currency CreekGI
Kangaroo Island GI
Southern Fleurieu GI

39
Q

McLaren Vale GI climate?

A

Warm Mediterranean with substantial variation
*Region 3
*warmer than Barossa overall.. 200 more growing degree days
*windy, warm = great for organics, biodynamics
*drought is biggest threat

40
Q

McLaren Vale soils?

A

Sandy to clay loamy common
* Deep sands, cracking clays and shallow soils over calcareous materials are widespread

41
Q

Scarce Earth

A

Ran 2009 - 2015
McLaren Vale project
*select wines from select producers, highlighted terroir

42
Q

best spots for Grenache in McLaren Vale?

A

Sandy soils around Blewitt Springs and Kangarilla

43
Q

Key McLaren Vale producers?

A

Chapel Hill
Clarendon Hills
d’Arenberg
Wirra Wirra
Kay Bros
Mitolo
Yangarra
Hickinbotham

44
Q

GI’s around Lake Alexandrina?

A

Langhorne Creek GI (north)
Currency Creek (west)

45
Q

What year was the most recent Langton’s Classification?

A

2023

46
Q

3 GI that touch the Gulf of St. Vincent?

A

Adelaide Plains
McLaren Vale
Southern Fleurieu

47
Q

Mount Lofty Ranges GI’s? (3)

A
  • Clare Valley (most heavily planted)
  • Adelaide Hills
  • Adelaide Plains
48
Q

5 unofficial subregions of Clare Valley?

A

Watervale
Polish Hill
Sevenhill
Clare
Auburn

49
Q

Clare Valley climate?

A

Moderate to Warm Continental
* 400 - 600M with larger diurnal shifts
* S/SE areas (Polish Hill, Auburn, Watervale) are cooler w/ more frost threat
* dry

50
Q

Armagh

A

Jim Barry - 100% Shiraz
First release - 1985
Clare Valley GI

51
Q

Clare Valley GI Langton 1st Classified? (2023)

A

Wendouree Shiraz

52
Q

Eden Valley GI Langton’s 1st Classified (2023) (2)

A
  • Henschke Mount Edelstone Shiraz
  • Henschke Hill of Grace Shiraz
53
Q

Penfolds Langton 1st Classified (2023)

A

Bin 95 Grange
Bin 707 Cab
Bin 389 Cab-Shiraz
*all South Australia GI

Yattarna Chard (Southeast Australia GI)

54
Q

Clare Valley GI soils

A

blue slate similar to Mosel’s Devonian slate (Polish Hill)
terra rossa over limestone (Watervale)

55
Q

Adelaide Hills’ most planted variety?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
(70% of plantings here are white)

56
Q

Adelaide Hills sits in what mountain range

A

South Mount Lofty Ranges

57
Q

Adelaide Hills sub-GI’s?

A

Piccadilly Valley: region’s 1st commercial plantings here in 1976. Chardonnay is the most planted

Lenswood GI: Sauv Blanc is most planted

58
Q

Important Adelaide Hills wineries?

A

Petaluma
Shaw + Smith
the Lane
Ashton Hills
BK Wines

59
Q

Adelaide Hills climate

A

Coolest/rainiest in Adelaide Superzone

60
Q

John Riddoch

A

The person: planted Coonawarra’s 1st grapes in 1891

The wine: Cab Sauv, Coonawarra GI
Wynns Coonawarra Estate
*they dominate Coonawarra plantings
*only Coonawarra Langton’s 1st Classified

61
Q

Limestone Coast GI’s? (6)

A

Wrattonbully, Robe
Padthaway
Coonawarra

Coast: Mount Benson, Mount Gambier

Inland: Benson, Robe, Gambier
Coonawarra, Wrattonbully, Padthaway

62
Q

Coonawarra Testa Rossa - soil type?

A

friable clay loam, tinted vivid red by iron oxide, over soft limestone

*the key to quality with this soil is actually mostly the drainage/water retention capabilities of the fissured limestone underneath

63
Q

Most planted grape in Coonawarra GI?

A

Cab Sauv

64
Q

Coonawarra climate?

A

Cool Mediterranean
*Region 2
*dry summers, cold winters without maritime influence
*less degree days than Bordeaux but wayyyy more sunshine hours

65
Q

Padthaway GI

A

Limestone Coast Zone
South Australia
*MOST PLANTED: Shiraz, 1/3rd of area
*heavily cultivated - big houses here: Seppelt (1st vines here), Orlando Wines, Hardys, Lindemans, Wynns

66
Q

Wrattonbully GI

A

Limestone Coast zone
South Australia
* MOST PLANTED: Cab Sauv
*young region with young vines
*terra rossa soils like Coonawarra - at a cheaper price

67
Q

Mount Gambier GI

A

Limestone Coast zone
South Australia
*biggest in size, not big in plantings
*borders Victoria’s Henty GI
*Pinot Noir, Sauv Blanc - reflection of the cool maritime climate

68
Q

South Australia GI’s where Shiraz isn’t most planted (6)

A
  • Mount Gambier: Sauv Blanc, PN
  • Coonawarra: Cab Sauv
  • Wrattonbully: Cab Sauv
  • Adelaide Hills, Lenswood: Sauv Blanc
  • Piccadilly Valley: Chard
69
Q

Riverland GI

A

Lower Murray Zone
South Australia
*production leader
*Murray River is the essential irrigation source
*Shiraz, Chardonnay = most planted

70
Q

What are the subregions of the Adelaide Hills?

A

Piccadilly Valley GI
Lenswood GI

71
Q

Name a key producer of the Eden Valley GI?

A

Henschke
Mountadam
Pewsey Vale
Yalumba

72
Q

Name 3 key producers of the McLaren Vale GI?

A

Hickinbotham
Chapel Hill
Clarendon Hills
d’Arenberg
Wirra Wirra
Mitolo
Yangarra

73
Q

What major river flows through the Riverland GI?

A

Murray River

74
Q

Name a key producer in the Clare Valley GI.

A

Wendouree
Grosset
Kilkanoon
Jim Barry
Taylors
Sevenhill Cellars

75
Q

Barossa Valley GI’s Langton’s 1st Classified? (2)

A

Torbreck RunRig Shiraz
Rockford Basket Press Shiraz

76
Q

origin of term “basket press Shiraz”?

A

Traditional vinification technique typical to Barossa
* vinification method: large basket filled with the crushed grapes. Pressure is applied through a plate that is forced down onto the fruit. The mechanism to lower the plate is often either a screw or a hydraulic device. The juice flows through openings in the basket.

77
Q

Dead Arm Shiraz

A

D’Arenberg
Shiraz, McLaren Vale

*Eutypa Lata is the causal agent of Eutypa Dieback

78
Q

Treasury Estates’ Australian Brands

A

Penfolds (South Australia)
Pepperjack (Barossa)
Wynns Coonawarra Estate
Seppelt Wines (Victoria)
Wolf Blass (Barossa Valley)
Lindemans

79
Q

1 Australian Wine company for:

  • vineyard area
  • total revenue
  • total production
  • sales of branded wine
A

Accolade Wines #1 for sales of branded wine, total wine production, and wine grape intake

Treasury Wine Estates #1 for biggest vineyard area owned and total revenue

80
Q

What is Treasury Wine Estate’s best selling brand?

A

Beringer, 9th in the world overall

81
Q

Pernod Ricard in Australia

A

Jacob’s Creek brand - #1 bottled brand in Aus by value and volume

82
Q

South Australia’s warmest GI?

A

Riverland

83
Q

High Sands

A

McLaren Vale Grenache; Yangarra Estate
* Blewitt Springs
* Planted in 1946; 3 feet of sand over silica clay

84
Q

VineHealth Australia

A

Phylloxera and Grape Industry Act 1995
* responsible for biosecurity

85
Q

Living Icons

A

McLaren Vale old vine program - Shiraz vineyards planted in the 1800’s
- Kay Bros Block 6

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