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WSET Diploma D3 - Wines of the World > 9. South West France > Flashcards

9. South West France Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two largest producing appellations of the Dordogne?

A

1) Bergerac
2) Monbazillac

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2
Q

Describe the terroir of Bergerac AOC

A

Slightly warmer and drier than Bordeaux with clay and limestone soils and some gravel

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3
Q

50% of Bergerac AOC red must be a blend of at least two of which four varieties?

A

1) Cabernet Sauvignon
2) Cabernet Franc
3) Malbec
4) Merlot

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4
Q

What are the maximum yields for Bergerac AOC?

A

1) Red - 60 hL/ha
2) White - 67 hL/ha

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5
Q

What is the higher quality sub-appellation of Bergerac?

A

Cotes de Bergerac AOC

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6
Q

Are international varieties permitted in Bergerac? (2)

A

Yes in Bergerac AOC
No in Cotes de Bergerac AOC

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7
Q

What is the maximum yield in Cotes de Bergerac AOC

A

50 hL/ha

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8
Q

Where is most Bergerac sold?

A

Domestically

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9
Q

What is the only wine style permitted in Monbazillac AOC?

A

Sweet white either botrytis or late harvest

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10
Q

Monbazillac AOC must be 80% of which four varieties?

A

1) Sauvignon Blanc
2) Semillon
3) Mucadelle
4) Sauvignon Gris

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11
Q

What is the maximum yield in Monbazillac AOC?

A

30 hL/ha

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12
Q

Why is Monbazillac often less expensive than Sauternes?

A

Fermentation in new oak is much less common

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13
Q

What is the only French appellation where Malbec is the principal grape variety?

A

Cahors

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14
Q

What two other varieties are permitted in Cahors?

A

Tannat & Merlot

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15
Q

What are the two common types of vine training used in Cahors?

A

1) Single guyot
2) Bush

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16
Q

What are the three vineyard types in Cahors?

A

1) Flat, rich alluvial plains
2) Mid-slope of poorer soils
3) 350m plateau of limestone

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17
Q

What is Malbec vulnerable to?

A

Coulure

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18
Q

What is the minimum per cent of Malbec permitted in Cahors?

A

70%

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19
Q

Cahors may be hand- or machine-harvested, but must be what?

A

Destemmed

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20
Q

Name two significant Cahors producers

A

1) Chateau de Cedre
2) Chateau de Chambert

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21
Q

What is the principal variety of Madiran AOC?

A

Tannat

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22
Q

What is the appellation for late harvest sweet white wine that occupies the same area as Madiran AOC?

A

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC

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23
Q

Describe the weather/climate of Madiran

A

Some Atlantic influence with high rainfall in winter and spring, warm and sunny summers, dry autumns, warm days and cool nights, and hot, dry southern Fohn wind

24
Q

What are the predominant soil types in Madiran?

A

Clay and limestone

25
Q

What are four characteristics of Tannat

A

1) Vigorous
2) Mid-ripening
3) Highly tannic
4) Vulnerable to botrytis

26
Q

What is the name of the local black grape variety in Madiran?

A

Fer aka Fer Servadou

27
Q

Madiran AOC must be a minimum what per cent Tannat?

A

50%

28
Q

What two varieties may Tannat be blended with in Madiran AOC?

A

1) Cabernet Sauvignon
2) Fer

29
Q

How are vines trained in Madiran AOC? (2)

A

1) Cordon de Royat
2) Guyot

30
Q

Madiran may be hand- or machine-harvested, but must be what?

A

Destemmed

31
Q

What is the maximum yield in Madiran AOC?

A

55 hL/ha

32
Q

In 1991 who pioneered the technique of micro-oxygenation seeking to soften the tannins in Tannat?

A

Patrick Ducournau

33
Q

What are four ways the tannins in Tannat are softened?

A

1) Shorter maceration times
2) Ageing in oak
3) Ageing in bottle
4) Micro-oxygenation

34
Q

When can Madiran AOC wines be sold?

A

From the beginning of November in the year following harvest

35
Q

Name two signifiant producers of Madiran

A

1) Alain Brumont
2) Chateau d’Aydie

36
Q

What is the main market for Madiran?

A

Domestic (80%)

37
Q

What is the sweet/dry split of Jurancon?

A

70% sweet, 30% dry

38
Q

At what altitude are Jurancon vineyards?

A

300m

39
Q

What two grape varieties make up Jurancon

A

1) Petit Manseng
2) Gros Manseng

40
Q

What are the three styles of Jurancon?

A

1) Vendanges Tardives
2) Jurancon
3) Jurancon Sec

41
Q

What is the climate of Jurancon?

A

Mild and humid with high annual rainfall (1,200mm)

42
Q

In what direction do the best Jurancon vineyards face?

A

South and south-west

43
Q

Describe how the Fohn wind benefits Jurancon

A

It is a hot and dry wind that blows in spring and autumn drying the air and ventilating the canopy as well as boosting temperatures

44
Q

What are the four soils found in Jurancon?

A

Limestone, sand, clay, stones

45
Q

Why are vines trained high in Jurancon? (2)

A

1) To mitigate risk of frost
2) To allow sufficient canopy to produce the high levels of sugar required for the sweeter wine styles

46
Q

Describe Petit Manseng (4)

A

1) Early budding
2) Mid- to late-ripening
3) Thick skins
4) Open bunches

47
Q

How is the sweetness for Jurancon’s sweet styles achieved?

A

Multiple passes of over ripe/late harvest passerillage fruit

48
Q

Gros Manseng has similar characteristics to Petit Manseng except it…

A

Yields higher with less aromatic concentration/flavour intensity

49
Q

Gros Manseng is typically used for what Jurancon wine style

A

Jurancon Sec

50
Q

What is the maximum yield of Jurancon Sec?

A

60 hL/ha

51
Q

What is the maximum yield of Jurancon and Jurancon VT?

A

40 hL/ha

52
Q

What is the maximum r/s of Jurancon?

A

40 g/l

53
Q

What is the maximum r/s of Jurancon VT?

A

55 g/l

54
Q

How many IGPs are there in south-west France?

A

14

55
Q

What is the largest IGP in south-west France?

A

IGP Cotes de Gascogne

56
Q

What is the three principal grape varieties in IGP Cotes de Gascogne?

A

Colombard, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay

WSET Diploma D3 - Wines of the World (22 decks)

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