Glossary terms for Unit 3 outcome 2

Question 1

public health

Answer 1

is the ways in which governments monitor, regulate and promote health and wellbeing and prevent illness.

Question 2

health promotion

Answer 2

is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health and wellbeing.

Question 3

old public health

Answer 3

refers to governments actions that focus on changing the physical environment to prevent the spread of diseases.

Question 4

new public health

Answer 4

approach to health that expands on the traditional focus of individual behaviour change to one that considers the ways in which the physical, sociocultural and political environment’s impact health

Question 5

social model of health (AKA new public health)

Answer 5

attempts to address the broader influences on health including physical, sociocultural and political environments rather than disease and injury itself.

Question 6

biomedical model of health

Answer 6

is an approach that diagnoses and treats people once symptoms of ill health are present. it relies heavily on doctors, hospitals, medication and medical technology.

Question 7

health status

Answer 7

is the overall level of health of an individual or population taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy.

Question 8

involves intersectoral collaboration

Answer 8

refers to different groups working together to achieve a common goal

eg such as local governments working with schools to promote messages about drug safety in schools.

Question 9

addresses the broader determinants of health

Answer 9

refers to many broader determinants such as sociocultural and environmental that influence behaviours. these factors must be addressed for improvements in health and wellbeing.

Question 10

empowers individuals and communities

Answer 10

refers to people who must be involved in decision making and feel some control over their situation. those who feel empowered with health skills are able to get better health outcome’s

Question 11

acts to enable access to healthcare

Answer 11

refers to the sociocultural and environmental barriers to healthcare such as income, transport and geographical location which must be addressed

Question 12

acts to reduce social inequities

Answer 12

refers to the sociocultural and environmental factors that contribute to inequities in health status that must be addressed

Question 13

ottawa charter

Answer 13

is an approach to heath development by the WHO which attempts to reduce inequalities in health. identifies three basic strategies for health promotion: meditate, advocate and enable.

Question 14

Mediate: meditating

Answer 14

relates to helping groups resolve conflict, work together and produce outcomes that promote good health and wellbeing

eg such as reducing speed limits which is not supported by everyone in order to save lives and reduce injuries.

Question 15

advocate: advocacy

Answer 15

for health and wellbeing refers to actions such as media campaigns that seek to gain support from governments and society to make changes necessary to improve the factors that influence hwb for everyone.

Question 16

enable: enabling

Answer 16

includes providing access to education, employment, adequate housing, nutritious foods and health care by empowering people, not just providing handouts.

Question 17

build healthy public policy

Answer 17

refers to designs made by governments and organisations regarding laws and policies that affects hwb such as seatbelt laws.

Question 18

create supportive environments

Answer 18

refers to the sociocultural and physical environments being manipulated so they are safe, stimulating, satisfying and enjoyable such as installing cycling paths or sunshades.

Question 19

strengthen community action

Answer 19

refers to all groups in the community (governments, non-governments and private sectors) working together to achieve a common goal as this increases the chance of success.

Question 20

develop personal skills

Answer 20

refers to educating people by giving them the skills and knowledge to take control over and make informed descisons about their hwb

Question 21

reorient health services

Answer 21

changing the focus of the health system and health professionals to focus on health promotion/prevention, rather than diagnosing/treating illness.

eg healthy eating rather than surgery

Question 22

public health care

Answer 22

refers to health services and schemes provided by the federal state and local governemnts including medicare, PBS and NDIS.

Question 23

private health care

Answer 23

refers to health services and schemes provided by private sectors and organisations, including PHI and priv. hospitals.

Question 24

Medicare

Answer 24

is Australias universal health insurance scheme and provides free or subsidised access t essential health care services, eg doctor consultation. for all Australian citizens, permanent residents and those form countries with a reciprocal agreement.

Question 25

Medicare Benefits Schedule

Answer 25

is a document that outline the range of services covered and the amount Medicare will contribute to each service.

Question 26

Medicare safety net

Answer 26

provides extra financial assistance for those who frequently require medicare services and incur significant out of pocket costs.

once a certain co-payment level is reached, the services may become cheaper for the rest of the calendar year.

Question 27

medicare levy

Answer 27

is an additional 2% tax placed on the taxable income of most tax payers except low income earners.

Question 28

medicare levy surcharge

Answer 28

is an additional 1-1.5%tax placed on the taxable income paid by high income earners who no not have PHI.

Question 29

general taxation revenue

Answer 29

is if the medicare levy and medicare levy surcharge do not raise enough funds, some money from the general tax can be contributed to medicare.

Question 30

pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS)

Answer 30

Australias subsidy scheme for all essential medicines which are provided to a subsidised cost to all Australians (patients must make co-payment)

Question 31

PBS safety net

Answer 31

applies to people who frequently require medication. once a certain co-payment level is reached, the concessional co-payment rate applies for the rest of the calendar year.

Question 32

national disability insurance scheme (NDIS)

Answer 32

Australia’s national insurance scheme that provides services such as community groups ad sport clubs, and support for people with permanent, significant disabilities, and their families and carers.

Question 33

private health insurance

Answer 33

is insurance that can be purchased in addition to medicare, where members pay a premium to the insurance company in return for medical services not covered by medicare such as a choice of hospital or doctor.

Question 33

private health insurance rebate

Answer 33

states that the federal government will pay a percentage of the premium for private health insurance based on how much you earn (the more you earn, the lower the rebate is for the government)

Question 34

life time health cover

Answer 34

refers to those who take out PHI after the age of 31, pay and extra 2% on their premiums for every year that the are over the age of 30.

the incentive encourages young people to take out PHI.

Question 35

funding

Answer 35

relates to the financial resources that are provided to keep the health system adequately staffed and resources so a high level of care is available for those who need it.

Question 36

sustainability

Answer 36

relates to its capacity to provide a workforce and infrastructure such as facilities and equipment.

Question 37

access

Answer 37

refers to an accessible health system that can provide all people with timely access to quality health services based on their needs, not ability to pay, regardless of where they live in the country.

Question 38

equity

Answer 38

is an equitable health system that must recognise and respond to the different and specific healthcare needs of all people and provide more support to those who need it.

Question 39

learn earn legend

Answer 39

is a program launched by Australian government to encourage indigenous Australians to stay at school and develop personal skills so they can get a job and be a legend for themselves.

Question 40

Australian guide to healthy eating

Answer 40

is a food selection model which visually represents the proportions of the five food groups recommended for consumption daily.

Question 41

guidline 1

Answer 41

to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and chose amounts of nutritious foods to meet your energy needs.

Question 42

guidline 2

Answer 42

enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the five food groups every day. vegetables, legumes/beans, fruit, grain foods, lean meats + alternatives, dairy products + alternatives.

Question 43

guidline 3

Answer 43

limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol.

Question 44

guidline 4

Answer 44

encourage, support and promote breastfeeding

Question 45

guidline 5

Answer 45

care for your food; prepare and store it safely

Question 46

healthy eating advisory service

Answer 46

aims to promote consumption of healthy food and drinks in early childhood services, schools, hospitals and workplaces

Question 47

healthy eating pyramid

Answer 47

simple visual guide (pyramid) to the types and proportions of foods that individuals should eat everyday from the 5 food groups for good hwb.