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Pathophysiology and Pharmacology > Exam 2: Med Therapeutic Uses > Flashcards

Exam 2: Med Therapeutic Uses Flashcards

1
Q

Cyclobenzaprine

A

relieves muscle spasms (short-term) due to musculoskeletal injury
- central acting muscle relaxant

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2
Q

Baclofen

A

relieves muscle spasticity (long-term) due to cerebral palsy (spinal injury & multiple sclerosis)
- central acting muscle relaxant

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3
Q

Carbidopa-Levodopa

A

relieves symptoms of Parkinson’s
- dopamine replacement/sympathomimetic

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4
Q

Benztropine

A

treats tremors in Parkinson’s
- Anticholinergic
- don’t given within 2 hr of taking antidiarrheals and antacids

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5
Q

Phenytoin

A

controls tonic-clonic seizures & partial seizures
- maintenance med: long term
- Anticonvulsant

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6
Q

Carbamazepine

A

treats partial seizures & tonic clonic seizures
- maintenance med
- Antiepileptic & Anticonvulsant

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7
Q

Diazepam

A

1st drug choice to treat status epilepticus
- rescue med
- Benzodiazepine

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8
Q

Sumatriptan

A

relieves symptoms of existing migraine or cluster headache
- serotonin agonist

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9
Q

Dextromethorphan

A

helps stop chronic nonproductive cough
- Antitussive
- CNS depression
- Short term only because of abuse potential

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10
Q

Phenylephrine

A

reduction of nasal congestion with allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, and common cold
- activate alpha-1 adrenergic receptors
- Sympathomimetics/Decongestant

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11
Q

Cetirizine

A

(Zyrtec) relieves symptoms associated with seasonal & perennial allergies
- Antihistamine
- impaired kidney or liver function

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12
Q

Guaifenesin

A

(Mucinex) thins thick secretions to be able to cough up and out
- expectorants
- increased risk of hemorrhage with heparin or warfarin

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13
Q

Prednisone (oral)

A

short term management of post-exacerbation symptoms
- Glucocorticoid

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14
Q

Albuterol

A

treatment of asthma exacerbation
- rescue inhaler
- Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist
- lots of heart complications

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15
Q

Buspirone

A

short term treatment for certain anxiety disorders (GAD)
- no dependency issue
- Non-Benzodiazepine

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16
Q

Phenelzine

A

last resort in treating depression because of lots of side effects
- MAOIs

17
Q

Bupropion

A

treats SAD, MDD, and smoking cessation
- Atypical Antidepressant

18
Q

Alprazolam

A

(Xanax) treat anxiety
- GABA agonist
- Benzodiazepine

19
Q

Clopidogrel

A

prevents reocculusion of coronary stents
- lasts length of platelet life (7-10 days)
- Antiplatelet (ADP inhibitor)

20
Q

Salicylate

A

(Aspirin) reduce risk for MI, CVA, angina
- Antiplatelet, NSAIDs

21
Q

Heparin

A

treatment of & prophylaxis for DVT
- Anticoagulant
- Antidote: protamine sulfate

22
Q

Enoxaparin

A

prophylaxis of DVT
- Anticoagulant
- cousin of heparin
- less injections and dosing is more predictable

23
Q

Warfarin

A

reduce risk for MI, CVA, & Angina and treatment of DVT and prophylaxis of blood clots
- Anticoagulant
- Antidote: Vitamin K

24
Q

Fluoxetine

A

(Prozac) 1st choice for depression and/or anxiety disorders
- SSRIs
- preferred over TCAs and MAOIs because of less side effects

25
Q

Amitriptyline

A

treats depression
- Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA)
- carbidopa/levodopa can increase HTN
- Sympathomimetic effects

26
Q

Factor VIII

A

treats hemophilia A
- Antihemophilic factors

27
Q

Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine Sulfate

A

(Adderall) ADHD in kids and adults & Narcolepsy
- Amphetamines

28
Q

With MAOIs what foods should you avoid ?

A

tyramine containing foods
- can cause HTN crisis

29
Q

What is the expected pharmacological action of anticonvulsants ?

A

slows down influx of sodium through sodium channels

30
Q

With antidepressant meds which herb should you avoid ?

A

St. Johns Wort
- can increase chances of serotonin syndrome

31
Q

What is the expected pharmacological action of Phenylephrine ?

A

activate alpha 1 adrenergic receptors
- causes vasoconstriction (HTN, tachycardia, increased BP)

32
Q

Which drugs can increase blood glucose levels ?

A

Prednisone and Baclofen

33
Q

What labs do we monitor for Warfarin ?

A

INR and PT

34
Q

What labs do we monitor for Heparin ?

A

aPTT

35
Q

What antidepressants should be taken in the morning ?

A

Bupropion and Fluoxetine
- CNS effects (insomnia, agitation, anxiety)

36
Q

Which antidepressant should be taken at bedtime ?

A

Amitriptyline

37
Q

Which meds have the potential for abuse ?

A

Dextromethorphan, Amphetamine-Dextroamphetamine Sulfate, Phenylephrine

Pathophysiology and Pharmacology (13 decks)

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