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Biology > Chapter 5 Seedless Plants > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Seedless Plants Flashcards

1
Q

What kingdom do plants belong to?

A

Plante

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2
Q

What type of eukaryotes are seedless plants?

A

photosynthetic eukaryotes

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3
Q

What chlorophylls do seedless plants use?

A

a and b

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4
Q

What are the carbohydrates store as in seedless plants?

A

starch

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5
Q

Seedless plant life cycles feature alternation of ________ (haploid) and ___________ (diploid) generations.

A

gametophyte and sporophyte

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5
Q

What do seedless plants develop that are protected by parental tissue?

A

embryos

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6
Q

Surviving phyla of plants grouped in two main categories:

A

Nontracheophytes
Tracheophytes

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7
Q

What phyla do land plants belong to?

A

Embryophytes

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8
Q

Land plants arose from a common _________ ancestor

A

green algal

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9
Q

What does desiccation mean?

A

Loss of water

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10
Q

What thing did land plants evolve to survive on land?

A
  1. Acquisition of a waxy cuticle (retards desiccation)
  2. Gametangia (protective cases for plant gametes)
  3. A protected embryo
    protective pigments (from UV light)
  4. Thick spore walls
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11
Q

Land plants are ___________: parents nourish their young

A

Embryophytes

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12
Q

___________ lack a true vascular system

A

Nontracheophytes

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13
Q

___________ are characterized by a vascular system

A

Tracheophytes

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14
Q

In Tracheophytes what is water and mineral-conducting vascular system called?

A

xylem

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15
Q

What are the different types of vascular tissue in land plants?

A

Xylem and Phloem

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16
Q

In Tracheophytes what is nutrient-conducting vascular system called?

A

phloem

17
Q

The ___________ include the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses.

A

nontracheophytes

18
Q

What phylum do mosses belong to?

A

Bryophyta

19
Q

What phylum do liverworts belong to?

A

Hepaticophyta

20
Q

In nontracheophytes, the sporophyte generation is smaller than the gametophyte generation and depends on the _________________________

A

gametophyte for water and nutrition

21
Q

Prominent moss or liverwort body is the __________

A

gametophyte

22
Q

What are the Nontracheophyte sex organs ?

A

Archegonium
Antheridium

23
Q

What does the Nontracheophyte sex organ archegonium house?

A

The eggs

24
Q

What does the Nontracheophyte sex organ antheridium house?

A

The sperm

25
Q

The tracheophytes have vascular tissue with _________ and ________- designed to conduct water, minerals, and foods.

A

tracheids; specialized cells

26
Q

Present-day tracheophytes are grouped into _______ phyla that form _______ major groups

A

seven; two

27
Q

What are the two major groups of tracheophytes

A

Seedless plants and seed plants

28
Q

In tracheophytes the sporophyte generation is larger than the gametophyte and ____________________

A

independent of the gametophyte generation

29
Q

The prominent plant in tracheophytes in the life cycle is the ___________

A

sporophyte

30
Q

What is the strong trend in land plant evolution?

A

Reduction of gametophyte

31
Q

Phylum _________: Club mosses

A

Lycophyta

32
Q

Phylum __________: Whisk ferns

A

Psilophyta

33
Q

Phylum _____________: Horsetails (leaves in whorls)

A

Equisetophyta

34
Q

Phylum _____________: Ferns (complex leaves)

A

Pteridophyta

35
Q

Most ferns produce ________ on undersurface of leaves

A

sori/sorus (plural)

36
Q

Each sorus is a cluster of many ____________

A

sporangia

37
Q

Each sporangium releases many ___________

A

spores

38
Q

The ________ is dominant phase in ferns

A

Sporophyte

39
Q

Tiny, heart-shaped ____________ develops from spores in ferns

A

gametophyte

40
Q

Fertilized________ (zygote) becomes new_______________ (fern plant)

A

egg; sporophyte

Biology (15 decks)

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