Anesthetic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

An inhaled general anesthetic that has the fastest onset among all general anesthetics but least potent. It is also known as the laughing gas and is the first to be discovered
ADR: coughing, respiratory irritation, laughing

A

Nitrous oxide

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2
Q

An inhaled general anesthesia that is known to be hepatotoxic

A

Halothane

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3
Q

Inhaled general anesthetics that are nephrotoxic

A

Desflurane
Isoflurane
Enflurane
Sevoflurane
Methoxyflurane

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4
Q

Inhaled general anesthetics that caused general peripheral vasodilation, which leads to hypotension and an ADR of reflex tachycardia

One of the drugs causes bronchoconstriction

A

Desflurane and isoflurane

Desflurane

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5
Q

An inhaled general anesthetic agent that has a slow onset but is the most potent

A

Methoxyflurane

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6
Q

An intravenous anesthetic also known as milk of amnesia because of its white color and usage of soy milk as vehicle. It is short acting and increases GABA mediated inhibition
ADR: CNS and CVS depression, metabolic acidosis

A

Propofol

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7
Q

It is an intravenous anesthesia that is an ultra short acting and fast onset barbiturate. It acts by prolonging the duration of GABA mediated Cl channel opening

A

Thiopental

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8
Q

It is an intravenous anesthesia that is a short acting BZD. It acts by increasing the frequency of opening of the GABA mediated channels

A

Midazolam

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9
Q

It is an intravenous anesthesia that is an NMDA antagonist (N-methyl-D-aspartate). it inhibits aspartate which is the excitatory neuron.
ADR: CVS stimulant (only one), dissociative amnesia

A

Ketamine

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10
Q

A alpha

A

Proprioception, somatomotor

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11
Q

A beta

A

Touch, pressure

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12
Q

A gamma

A

Motor to muscle spindle

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13
Q

A delta

A

Fast pain esp cold and touch

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14
Q

B

A

Preganglionic, autonomic

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15
Q

C

A

Slow or thermal pain, mechanoreceptor

Postganglionic autonomic (not C, no class)

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16
Q

Are a class of anesthesia the removes sensation and are amphibilic. All are weak bases, Na channel, synthetic, vasodilators, and CNS/CVS depressants

One drug is natural, vasoconstrictor, and CNS/CVS stimulant

A

Local anesthetics (esters and amides)

Cocaine

17
Q

Local anesthetic that is degraded by plasma esterase in the blood, thereby making it short acting

A

Esters

18
Q

Local anesthetic that is degraded by hepatic amidases in the liver, making it long acting

A

Amides

19
Q

Components of EMLA or eutectic mixture of local anesthetic

One component causes methemoglobinemia

A

Lidocaine and Prilocaine

Prilocaine

20
Q

Long acting local anesthetics

A

Etidocaine
Mepivacaine

21
Q

A local anesthetic that can be used by pregnant women

A

Bupivacaine

22
Q

For neuroleptanalgesia

A

Droperidol + Fentanyl

23
Q

For neuroleptanesthesia

A

Droperidol + Fentanyl + N2O