Anti-arrythmics

Question 1

These drugs belong to Class 1A, which blocks K channels more than Na channels

One of the drugs under this class have an S/E of cinchonism, which manifests as vertigo, headache, and tinnitus

Answer 1

Disopyramide, Quinidine, Procainamide

Quinidine

Question 2

These drugs belong to Class 1B, which blocks Na channels more than K channels

One of the drugs should only be given parenterally and not orally, and has an S/E of CNS manifestations

Two of the drugs have an S/E of nausea and vomiting

One of the drugs have an S/E of sedation

Answer 2

Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Tocainide, Phenytoin

Lidocaine

Mexiletine and tocainide

Phenytoin

Question 3

These drugs belong to Class 1C and have a common S/E of nausea and vomiting. they block Na and K channels equally

Answer 3

Moricizine, Flecainide, Propafenone

Question 4

These drugs belong to Class 2 that acts to decrease the heart rate, contractility, and activity of the AV node

A drug belonging to this class is actually nonselective

Answer 4

Cardioselective beta blockers

Propranolol

Question 5

These drugs belong to Class 3

One of the drugs is a beta blocker and is non selective

One of the drugs can also block Na and Ca channel (also making it non selective). It has side effects such as hepatotoxicity, pulmonary fibrosis, bluish to gray skin discoloration, and micro and macro corneal deposits

Two of the drugs are the most selective among this class

Answer 5

K channel blockers (Sotalol, Amiodarone, Dofetilide, Ibutilide, Bretylium)

Sotalol

Amiodarone

Dofetilide and ibutilide

Question 6

These drugs belong to Class 4 and they block the L-type Calcium channel and decrease AV node activity. They are used in cases of atrial fibrillation

Answer 6

Ca channel blockers (Verapamil, Diltiazem)

Question 7

This drug belongs to Class 5 and is a positive inotropic agent that blocks the Na/K ATPase pump. It has side effects of insomnia, anorexia, and yellowing of vision. It can also cause arrythmia, and the DOC for this is lidocaine

Answer 7

Digoxin

Question 8

These are electrolyte abnormalities that would aggravate Digoxin toxicity

Answer 8

Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypomagnesemia

Question 9

This electrolyte abnormality would occur due to digoxin toxicity

Answer 9

Hyperkalemia

Question 10

This drug belongs to Class 5 and is a nucleoside which acts on the alpha-1 receptor of the heat that is commonly found in the atrium. This is also the DOC for supraventricular tachycardia and can also be used for digoxin-induced arrythmia

Answer 10

Adenosine

Question 11

This drug belongs to Class 5 and has an unknown MOA as an anti-arrhythmic agent. It is commonly used as an anticonvulsant agent and for eclampsia. It may also be used in digoxin-induced arrhythmia and Torsades de pointes, which is a polymorphic for of ventricular tachycardia

[Common caused of TDP are antiarrhythmic agents with K-blocking properties, such as those from Class 1A and Class 3]

Answer 11

Magnesium sulfate