Industrial Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

What is industrial hygiene?

A

-Science and art devoted to anticipation, recognition evaluation, and control of those environmental factors and stresses arising in or from the workplace

-hazards you cannot see (noise, viruses, etc)

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2
Q

What do industrial hygienist look at?

A

-Health issues rather than just safety
-Illnesses rather than just injuries

solve problems you can’t see

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3
Q

Who was the father of industrial hygiene?

A

-Bernardino Ramazzini (1633-1714)
-father of industrial hygiene
-He associated diseases with various occupations

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4
Q

What are industrial hazard in the workplace?

A

-Chemical hazards
-Physical hazards
-Biological hazards
-Ergonomic hazards

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5
Q

What are chemical hazards?

A

-Gases vapors, dust, fumes, and smoke

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6
Q

What are physical hazards?

A

-non-ionizing and ionizing radiation, noise, vibration, extreme temperatures, and pressures

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7
Q

What are biological hazards?

A

-insects, mold, yeast, fungi, bacteria, and viruses

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8
Q

What are ergonomic hazards?

A

-workstation design, repetitive motion, improper, lifting/reaching, poor visual conditions

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9
Q

What are examples of airborne contaminants?

A

-Dusts -Particulate – mechanical

-Smoke -Particulate/gas/vapor - combustion

-Fumes -particulate –volatilized metal

-Mists -tiny water droplets
-Vapors -Evaporative of liquid

-Gases -formless stuff

-Aerosols -Atomized particulate

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10
Q

What is the entry of toxicity?

A

– Inhalation
– Absorption
– ingestion
– Injection

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11
Q

What does toxicity depend on?

A

– The type of substance
– The amount (dose) absorbed
– The period of time over which it is absorbed
– this susceptibility/sensitivity of the person exposed

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12
Q

What are key terminologies in industrial hygiene?

A

Narcotics & anesthetics
-CNS inhibitors
-acetone, MEK, ether, chloroform

Carcinogens
-causes malignant, tumors or neoplastic growth
-Coal tar pitch, creosote oil, arsenic, chromium, nickel compound benzene

-Respiratory hazard – asbestosis (ACM)
-friable– easily crumbled in the hand
-Insulation, building products

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13
Q

What are different measurement straggles for industrial hygiene?

A

– Air sampling
– gas/vapor/fumes-gas detector, Drager pump
– Dust-suction pump
– Noise sampling
– Noise level- dosimeter, SLM
– Temperature
– Heat - WGBT, hydrothermometer
– Anthropometric
– Lightning - Lux meter

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14
Q

What is the permissible exposure limit (PEL)?

A

permissible exposure limit set by OSHA

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15
Q

What is the American conference of governmental industrial hygienists (ACHIH)

A

-made significant contributions to chemical exposure standards -Publishes threshold limit values (TLV)
-Often these TLV’s lead to OSHA permissible exposure limits (PEL)

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16
Q

What are threshold limit values (TLV)?

A

-ACHIH
- based on science - guidelines

17
Q

What are permissible exposure limits (PEL)?

A
  • OSHA
  • Has the force of law
18
Q

Threshold limit values (TLV)?

A

TLV - airborne concentrations, to which nearly all workers may be routinely exposed without adverse health effects

TWA- time waited average: based on an eight hour exposure and assumes a 40 hour work week

-STEL- short term exposure limit: (4/15/60) (time between 1, 2, 3, & 4 exposure

-C- ceiling limit: (should never be exceeded)

-IDLH- immediately dangerous to life and health

19
Q

Time weight average equation

A

look at notes