7. Types of anesthesia in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Premedication and general anesthesia. Flashcards
1
Q
Types of Anesthesia
A
- Local
- General
- Neuroleptanasthesia
- Sedation
2
Q
Local anesthesia toxicity signs and symtoms
A
- Tingling and numbness around lips
- Bitter/metallic taste
- Lightheadedness
- Confusion
- Seizures
3
Q
Premedication in the context of maxillofacial surgeries
A
- Administration of medications with specific pharmacological actions before surgery or anesthesia
- Enhances patient safety and comfort during the surgical procedure
4
Q
Factors that influence the selection and dosage of premedication drugs
A
- Patient’s age
- Weight
- Physical status
- Type of anesthesia
- Level of anxiety and fear
- Pre-existing medical conditions.
5
Q
How timing of premedication determined
A
- Factors such as => onset
- Peak effect
- Duration of action
- Route of administration
- Ensures medication =>achieves intended effects at the appropriate time
- Optimises its efficacy in preparing the patient for anesthesia and surgery
6
Q
Used for learning objectives of premedication
A
10 A’s
7
Q
10 A’s for premedication
A
- Anxiolysis-Relief of anxiety
- Analgesia
- Amnesia of preoperative events
- Antisialogogue effects-reduction in salivary and bronchial secretions
- Anti-emetic effect
- Anti-acid effect-reduction in stomach acid
- Allergies
- Antiautomatic-parasympathetic/Sympathetic reflexes care-Vagolytic actions
- Anaesthetic induction
- Antibiotic regime
8
Q
Routes of administration for premedication
A
- Enteral
- Parenteral
9
Q
Enteral routes of administration
A
- Oral
- Rectal
10
Q
Parenteral routes of administration
A
- Intranasal
- Intramuscular
- Intravenous
11
Q
Premedication drug groups
A
- Benzodiazepines
- Opoids
- Barbituates
- Phenothiazines
- Butyrophenones
- Anticholinergics
- Alpha adrenoceptor antagonists
