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human anatomy and organogenesis > Vascular system > Flashcards

Vascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the carotid arteries go from and to?

A

The heart to the head

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2
Q

2 types of iliac arteries

A

Internal
External

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3
Q

Which 2 veins turn into the superior vena cava?

A

Right and left brachiocephallic veins

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4
Q

Which brachiocephallic trunks is longer?

A

The left

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5
Q

Where are the brachiocephallic trunks located?

A

Behind the sternum

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6
Q

Are the origins of the left and right brachiocephallic trunk the same?

A

Yes, subclavian vein and internal jugular vein

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7
Q

2 natures of structures in the lung

A

Vascular
Bronchial

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8
Q

What is the target for both the vascular and bronchial structures in the lungs?

A

The alveolar

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9
Q

What do the vessels in the lung branch with?

A

The bronchia

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10
Q

Where does the pulmonary artery originate?

A

The right part of the heart

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11
Q

Where does the pulmonary vein originate?

A

The lungs

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12
Q

Where does the pulmonary vein carry oxygenated blood to?

A

The left part of the heart

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13
Q

Where does the subclavian arteries go?

A

The upper limbs

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14
Q

Where does the carotid arteries go?

A

The head

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15
Q

Where does the left subclavian artery and left carotid artery originate ?

A

Arch of the aorta

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16
Q

Where does the right subclavian artery and right carotid artery originate?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

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17
Q

Why does the the right subclavian artery and right carotid artery originate from the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Organeogenisis

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18
Q

What is posterior (behind) and in part below the arch of the aorta? (level of T4)

A

Bifurcation of pulmonary artery
Trachea bifurcates into 2 bronchi
Bifurcation lymph nodes

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19
Q

Where does the arch of the aorta pass above?

A

The left bronchi

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20
Q

Where does the arteries that vascularise the bronchia and the oesophageal originate?

A

Descending aorta

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21
Q

Where does the intercostal veins end?

A

Azygos vein system

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22
Q

How many veins in the azygos vein system?

A

3
Accessory hemiacygos vein
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein

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23
Q

Where in the thorax is the azygos vein system located?

A

Very deep

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24
Q

From where does the hemizygos vein collect venous blood?

A

Inferior left

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25
Q

From where does the azygos vein collect venous blood?

A

Right

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26
Q

From where does the accessory hemizygos vein collect venous blood?

A

Superior left

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27
Q

Where does the veins from the left part of the azygos system collect?

A

In the azygos vein

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28
Q

Where does the azygos vein end?

A

The superior venacava

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29
Q

Which is the deepest vein in the mediastinum?

A

Azygos vein

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30
Q

How many systems supply the brain?

A

2

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31
Q

What vascularises the posterior part of the brain?

A

The vetebral arteries

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32
Q

Where doe the vertebral arteries branch from?

A

Subclavian artery

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33
Q

What vascularises the middle and anterior part of the brain?

A

Carotid arteries

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34
Q

What collects the venous blood in the brain?

A

The venous sinuses which are collected by the internal jugular vein

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35
Q

What collects all the venous blood in the brain circulation (from the sinuses)?

A

The internal jugular vein

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36
Q

Where does the jugular vein ends?

A

Jugular subclavian complex

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37
Q

What happens to the carotid artery at the level of the mandible?

A

It birforcates into the internal and external carotid arteries

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38
Q

Where does the internal carotid artery go?

A

Through the carotid canal into the brain

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39
Q

Where does the external carotid artery go?

A

The face

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40
Q

What vascularises the orbit and the muscles in that area?

A

The ophthalmic artery

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41
Q

What is anastomosis?

A

When 2 veins or 2 arteries are feud together

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42
Q

What is an anastomotic circle?

A

Series of vascular connections that make a circulation

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43
Q

What kind of anastomotic circulation is the Willis circle?

A

Arterial

44
Q

What part of the brain do the posterior cerebral arteries vascularise?

A

Posterior part of the brain

45
Q

What do the vertebral arteries fuse into?

A

Bailar artery

46
Q

Where does the anterior cerebral artery stem from?

A

The internal carotid artery

47
Q

Where does the middle cerebral artery stem from?

A

The internal carotid artery

48
Q

Where does the ophtalmic artery stem from?

A

The internal carotid artery

49
Q

What does the posterior communicating artery connect in the willis circle?

A

Posterior cerebral artery and internal carotid

50
Q

What does the anterior communicating artery connect in the willis circle?

A

Right and left anterior cerebral artery

51
Q

Where is the willis circle located?

A

In the sphenoid bone at the base of the brain around the sella tunica

52
Q

What does the facial artery do at the angle of the mandible?

A

Goes behind it and then back out

53
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the ECA?

A

Superficial temporal artery
Internal maxillary artery

54
Q

Where does the ECA branch out into the two terminal branches?

A

Inside the parotid gland

55
Q

Which is the deepest branch of the ECA?

A

Ascending pharyngeal

56
Q

What muscle covers the ECA?

A

Sterno-cleido mastoidrug (?)

57
Q

4 cervical branches of the facial artery

A

Ascending palatine
Internal pterygoid
Submaxillar
Submental

58
Q

3 facial branches of the facial artery

A

Labias sup
Labias inf
Nasal (terminal branch)

59
Q

What is the first part of the maxillary artery called?

A

Mandibular

60
Q

What is the second part of the maxillary artery called?

A

Pterygoid

61
Q

What is the third part of the maxillary artery called?

A

Pterygopalatine

62
Q

What does the second part of the maxillary vein give off?

A

Muscular branches

63
Q

What does the carotid sheath contain?

A

Carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Cranial nerve 10

64
Q

What is the carotid sinus?

A

Small dilation at the beginning of the internal carotid artery

65
Q

Is there also an external jugular vein or only internal?

A

Both internal and external

66
Q

Where does the axillary artery change name into branchial artery?

A

At the inferior margin of the pectorals major muscle

67
Q

Name of the 3 palmar arcades

A

Superficial
Deep
Dorsal

68
Q

Name of the 2 venous drainages in upper and lower limbs

A

Superficial venous drainage
Deep venous drainage

69
Q

Do the 2 venous drainages in the upper and lower limb communicate?

A

Yes

70
Q

Name of 2 main superficial veins in the upper limb

A

Basilic (medial)
Cephalic (lateral)

71
Q

Where does the basilica vein terminate?

A

Brancial vein which terminates in axillary vein

72
Q

Where does the cephalic vein terminate?

A

Axillary vein

73
Q

Which is the main venous collector in the lower limbs? Where do both the superficial and deep venous drainage terminate?

A

Phemoral vein

74
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta biforcate? (which level)

A

At L4

75
Q

Which renal artery is long?

A

Right

76
Q

Which renal vein is long?

A

Left

77
Q

Different name for internal iliac artery

A

Hypogastric artery

78
Q

What does the celiac trunk vascularize?

A

Liver
Spleen
Part of stomach
and other organs close in that area

79
Q

How is the vascularisation of the suprarenal glands?

A

Highy vascularised, 3 arteries

80
Q

What is the right renal vein in located in comparison to the abdominal aorta?

A

Anterior

81
Q

What is the right renal artery in located in comparison to the inferior vena cava?

A

Posterior

82
Q

Where does the splenic artery branch from?

A

The celiac trunk

83
Q

What branches from the hepatic artery?

A

Gatroduodenal artery
Gastroomental artery

84
Q

How is the head of the pancreas vascularised?

A

pancreatic-duodenal artery

85
Q

What vascularise the body of the pancreas?

A

Greater pancreatic artery

86
Q

How many branches from the celiac trunk?

A

3

87
Q

Name of the branches of the celiac trunk

A

Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Gastric artery

88
Q

Are the veins surrounding the stomach symmetrical to the arteries?

A

Yes

89
Q

Where does the portal vein go to?

A

The liver

90
Q

What are the 2 roots of the portal vein?

A

Superior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein

91
Q

What organs have hemocateric functions

A

Spleen
Liver

92
Q

Where does the superior rectal vein stem from?

A

Inferior mesenteric veins

93
Q

Where doe the middle and inferior rectal veins stem from?

A

Hypogastric vein

94
Q

Which iliac artery vascularises the pelvis?

A

The interior

95
Q

Which iliac artery vascularises the thigh?

A

The external

96
Q

Which of the iliac arteroes os also known as the hypogastric?

A

The internal

97
Q

Where do the superior vesicles derive from?

A

Umbilical artery

98
Q

Does the venous wall in the lower limb differ? why, why not?

A

Yes because they have to work against gravity

99
Q

What are varicose veins?

A

Abnormally dilated veins

100
Q

Where do the external iliac vessels pass?

A

The vascular passage below the lingual ligament

101
Q

What does the femoral artery change name to?

A

Popliteal artery

102
Q

What does the popliteal artery branch into?

A

Anterior and posterior tibial artery

103
Q

What vascularises the planter part of the foot?

A

The terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery

104
Q

What vascularises the dorsal part of the foot?

A

The terminal branches of the anterior tibial artery

105
Q

What does the small saphenous vein enter?

A

The popliteal vein

human anatomy and organogenesis (21 decks)

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