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Human anatomy and organogenesis > Reproductive system > Flashcards

Reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

What does the female reproductive system consist of?

A

Vulva
Vagina
Uterus
Uterine (fallopian) tubes
Ovaries

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2
Q

What does the male reproductive system consist of?

A

Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prostate
Seminak vesicles
Penis

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3
Q

What is the male gonad?

A

Testes

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4
Q

What is the female gonad?

A

Ovaries

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5
Q

Where do the gonads originate in both genders?

A

The abdominal cavity

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6
Q

What separates the pelvis from the abdominal cavity?

A

The pelvic inlet

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7
Q

Different name for the pelvic inlet

A

Superior aperture of the pelvis

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8
Q

What defines the pelvic inlet?

A

The pelvic brim:
Arcuate and pectoral lines
Upper margin of the pubic symphysis

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9
Q

What is the pelvic brim?

A

The prominence of the sacrum

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10
Q

What is the pelvic outlet?

A

Plane of the inferior aperture

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11
Q

What defines the pelvic outlet?

A

The pubic arch
Ichial tuberosities
Inferior margin of the acrotuberous ligament
Tip of the coccyx

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12
Q

Can pelvic inlet and pelvic brim be used interchangeably?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Major difference between male and female pelvis?

A

Subpubic angle

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14
Q

Which gender has the wider subpubic angle?

A

Female

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15
Q

Which is the main muscle that forms the pelvic floor?

A

Levator ani

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16
Q

Which 3 muscles make up lelevator ani?

A

Puborectalis (most medial)
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

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17
Q

What kind of muscle is found in the pelvic floor?

A

Skeletal, voluntary muscle

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18
Q

2 hiatus found in the muscles of the pelvic floor

A

Urogenital hiatus
Rectal hiatus

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19
Q

Where does the iliococcygeus originate?

A

On thickening of the obturator fascia called tendinous arch of the levator anni

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20
Q

Where does the piriformis muscle insert?

A

Trochanter of the femur

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21
Q

Where does the piriformis exit the pelvis?

A

Through the greater sciatic foramen

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22
Q

What does the pelvic diaphragm support?

A

Pelvic viscera

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23
Q

2 muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani
Coccygeus

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24
Q

2 muscles of the pelvic wall

A

Piriformis
Obturator interns

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25
Q

Deepest layer of the pelvic floor

A

Obturator interns
Levator ani
Piriformis
Coccygeus

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26
Q

Which margin of the deep transverse perineal and superficial transverse perineal is free?

A

Posterior margin

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27
Q

Is there space between the layers of muscle of the pelvic floor?

A

Yes

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28
Q

Middle layer of the pelvic floor

A

Deep transverse perineal

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29
Q

Superficial layer of the pelvic floor

A

Superficial transverse perineal
Ischiocavernosus

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30
Q

What is the name of the fascia that covers the deep transverse perineal muscle?

A

Perineal membrane

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31
Q

Different name for ischioanal fossa

A

Deep pouch

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32
Q

What is the border of the deep pouch?

A

Medially: Levator ani
Inferiorly: Deep transverse perineal
Laterally: Obturator intemus

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33
Q

Is the deep pouch found in both genders?

A

Yes

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34
Q

Are the borders of the deep pouch the same in both genders?

A

Yes

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35
Q

What is found in the Alcock canal

A

Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal vein
Pudendal canal

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36
Q

How many triangles of the perineum?

A

2 in both genders

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37
Q

Name of the 2 triangles of the perineum

A

Urogenital triangle
Anal triangle

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38
Q

What does the peritoneum cover in the female?

A

The anterior surface of the bladder, the uterus, upper part of the vagina and reflects on the anterior surface of the rectum

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39
Q

How many peritoneal pouches in the female?

A

2

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40
Q

How many peritoneal pouches in the male?

A

1

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41
Q

What doe the uterine tubes surround?

A

The ovaries

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42
Q

What is the deepest part of the peritoneal cavity in the female?

A

The rectouterine pouch

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43
Q

Where is the uterus in non-pregnant women?

A

Below the pelvic inlet

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44
Q

What part of the uterus is the fundus?

A

The convex part

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45
Q

What is the broad ligament made of?

A

The folding of the peritoneum around the uterus

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46
Q

3 parts of the broad ligament

A

An upper mesosalpinx
A posterior mesovarium
An inferior mesometrium

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47
Q

What does the round ligament pass through?

A

The inguinal canal

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48
Q

What kind of organ is the uterus?

A

Empty organ

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49
Q

What is the mucosa layer of the uterus called?

A

Endometrium

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50
Q

What is the muscular layer of the uterus called?

A

Myomentrium

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51
Q

What is the serosa of the uterus called?

A

Perimetrium

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52
Q

What kind of epithelium is the endometrium?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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53
Q

What is the superficial 2/3 of the endometrium called?

A

Stratum functionalis (functional endometrium)

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54
Q

What is the basal 1/3 of the endometrium called?

A

Stratum basalis

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55
Q

What part of the endometrium is in direct relations with the myometrium?

A

Stratum basalis

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56
Q

What part of the endometrium is shed during menstruation?

A

Stratum functionalis (functional endometrium)

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57
Q

When during the uterine cycle is re-epithelialization complete?

A

5-6 days after the start of menstruation

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58
Q

What does the cervix consist of?

A

Fibroelastic connective tissue and relatively little smooth muscle

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59
Q

What does the endocervix face?

A

The cervical canal

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60
Q

What does the enctocervix face?

A

The lumen of the vagina

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61
Q

2 parts of the cervix

A

Endocervix
Endocervix

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62
Q

Does the mucosa of the cervix shed during menstruation?

A

No

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63
Q

Does the cervix change with age?

A

Yes

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64
Q

What causes ectropion?

A

Estrogen

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65
Q

Different name for uterine tubes?

A

Fallopian tubes
Salpings

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66
Q

4 parts of the uterine tubes

A

Uterine part/ intramural part
Istmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum

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67
Q

What is the widest part of the uterine tubes?

A

Infundibulum and ampulla

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68
Q

Where in the uterine tubes does the fertilisation typically take place?

A

In the lumen

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69
Q

What are the fimbriae in the uterine tube?

A

Numerous mucosal finger.like folds

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70
Q

What is the fimbriae attached to the ovary called?

A

Ovarian fimbria

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71
Q

How many fimbriae attach to the ovaries?

A

1

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72
Q

What is part of the lower genital tract in females?

A

Vulva
Vagina

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73
Q

What is part of the upper tract in females?

A

Uterus
Uterine tubes
Ovaries

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74
Q

What embryological structure forms the fallopian tubes?

A

Mesonephric duct

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75
Q

What does the urogenital sinus develop into?

A

Prostate gland and distal part of vagina

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76
Q

What kind of malformation of the vagina is the most common?

A

Septate

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77
Q

Different name for the prominence of the sacrum

A

Promontorium of the sacrum

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78
Q

Name of the plane where the foetus passes during labor

A

Plane of pelvic outlet

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79
Q

Where do all 3 muscles of the elevator ani insert?

A

Anococcygeal ligament

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80
Q

Which pelvic floor muscles differs slightly in the 2 genders?

A

Deep transverse perineal

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81
Q

What is the difference in the deep transverse perineal in the 2 genders?

A

In the female there are 2 hiatus where in the male there is only 1

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82
Q

Does the ischiocavernosus muscle differ in the 2 genders?

A

Yes

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83
Q

Does the bulbospongiosus muscle differ in the 2 genders?

A

Yes

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84
Q

Is the anus found in the same perineal triangle in both genders?

A

Yes the posterior

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85
Q

Different name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

Pouch of Douglas

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86
Q

What does the ischioanal fossa consist of?

A

Adipose tissue

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87
Q

Which is the deepest peritoneal reces/pouch in the female?

A

Rectouterine pouch

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88
Q

Name of the 2 angles the position of the uterus can be described in terms of

A

Felxion
Version

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89
Q

What is the flexion? (female)

A

Angle between the longitudinal cervical axis and the longitudinal uterine axis

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90
Q

What is the version? (female)

A

Angle between the longitudinal cervical axis and the longitudinal vaginal axis

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91
Q

What is the normal position to flexion? (female)

A

Anteflexion

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92
Q

What is the normal position to version? (female)

A

Anteversion

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93
Q

4 parts of the uterus

A

Fundus
Body
Isthmus
Cervix

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94
Q

Where do the lateral folds/broad ligaments extend?

A

On each side from the uterus to the lateral pelvic walls

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95
Q

What do the broad ligaments become continuous with when they reach the lateral pelvic wall?

A

The peritoneum

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96
Q

Which border of the broad ligaments is free?

A

The upper border

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97
Q

Which border of the broad ligament is continuous with the peritoneum?

A

Lower border

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98
Q

What is found at the upper free border of the broad ligaments?

A

The uterine tubes

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99
Q

What does the round ligament reach when passing through the inguinal canal?

A

Labia majora

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100
Q

Which ligaments support the uterus and prevent uterine prolapse?

A

The deep pelvic ligaments

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101
Q

Which 2 ligaments support and help maintain the positions of the cervix and vagina in the pelvis?

A

Uterosacral ligaments
Paracolpium

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102
Q

Different name for Cardinal ligament? (female)

A

Transverse cervical ligament

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103
Q

Does the endometrial of the vagina contain glands?

A

Yes

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104
Q

Does the endometrium of the vagina differ in characteristics differ in the Body/fundus and cervix?

A

Yes

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105
Q

Does the myometrium contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves?

A

Yes

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106
Q

What is the serosa of the vagina composed of?

A

Peritoneum

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107
Q

How many layers of smooth muscle in the myometrium?

A

3

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108
Q

What happens to the uterine glands during uterine cycle?

A

They change shape

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109
Q

Does the uterine glands reach the myometrium?

A

Yes

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110
Q

What is the epithelium of the endometrium like before puberty?

A

Ciliated and cuboidal

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111
Q

What are the uterine glands composed of?

A

Columnar cells

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112
Q

What does the columnar cells of the uterine glands secrete?

A

Glycoproteins and glycogen

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113
Q

What are the uterine glands like?

A

Tortuous and branched

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114
Q

What is predecidualization in the uterine cycle?

A

Stromal cells near terminal spiral arteries showing an increase in cytoplasm and surrounding extracellular matrix

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115
Q

What is the myometrium like at the uterine midlevel and fundus?

A

Dense and thick

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116
Q

What is the myometrium like at the tubal orifices?

A

Thin

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117
Q

Which muscle layer of the myometrium plays a central role during labour?

A

Intermediate (vascular) layer

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118
Q

Which muscle layer of the myometrium is the thickest?

A

Intermediate layer

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119
Q

Which muscle layer of the myometrium is the stabilisation?

A

External layer

120
Q

What part of the cervical storm is essential to the stretching capacity of the cervix during childbirth?

A

The elastin component

121
Q

Does the cervix have spiral arteries?

A

No

122
Q

What is the ectocervix covered by?

A

Non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium

123
Q

When is ectropion visible?

A

After puberty

124
Q

Where is the junction between the endocervical and ectocervix endothelium located before puberty?

A

At the external os

125
Q

What happens to the cervix during puberty?

A

It opens due to the rising levels of oestrogen

126
Q

What does the opening of the cervix do to the endocervical epithelium?

A

It exposes it onto the ectocervix

127
Q

What is the ectropion?

A

The area of columnar cells (originating from the endocervix) on the ectocervix
Rea and raw in appearance

128
Q

Different name for ectropion

A

Cervical erosion

129
Q

What happens after puberty when the ectropion is exposed to the acidic environment of the vagina?

A

The columnar cells transform through squamous metaplasia into stratified squamous epithelium

130
Q

What does the ostia of the fallopian tubes open into?

A

The uterine cavity

131
Q

Different name for the uterine cavity

A

Uterine os

132
Q

Where does the uterine tube pass in relations to the uterus?

A

Laterally and superiorly

133
Q

How does the ovarian fimbria differ from the other fimbria?

A

It is longer and more deeply grooved than the others

134
Q

Where is the ovarian fimbria typically applied?

A

The tubal pole of the ovary

135
Q

Where are the longitudinal folds of the uterine tubes most pronounced?

A

Distally at the infundibulum

136
Q

What is the mucosa thrown into in the uterine tubes?

A

Longitudinal folds

137
Q

What does the mucosa of the uterine tubes mainly consist of?

A

Single-layered tall, columnar epithelium
Mainly ciliated cells and secretory cells

138
Q

What changes the activities of the ciliated and secretory cells of the uterine tubes?

A

Stage in the menstrual cycle and age

139
Q

When are the secretory cells of the uterine tubes most active?

A

Around the time of ovulation

140
Q

When do the ciliated cells of the uterine tubes increase in height and develop more cilia?

A

In the oetrogenic first half of the menstrual cycle

141
Q

What is the role of the cilia in the uterine tubes?

A

Wafting the oocyte from the open-ended infundibulum towards the uterus

142
Q

When does the epithelium of the uterine tube regress in height?

A

Towards the end of the cycle and postmenopausally (when the ciliated cells are reduced in number)

143
Q

How many layers of smooth muscles in the uterine tube?

A

2

144
Q

Name of the layers of the uterine tube muscles

A

Inner circular/spiral layer
Outer/longitudinal layer (thinner)

145
Q

What does the contractile activity of the smooth muscle of the uterine tube produce?

A

Peristaltic movements

146
Q

What does the peristaltic movements of the uterine tube assist?

A

Propulsion of the gametes and the fertilised ovum

147
Q

What are the uterine tubes covered by externally?

A

Highly vascular serosa

148
Q

What suspends the ovaries in the pelvic cavity?

A

A double fold of peritoneum

149
Q

Name of the peritoneum that suspends the ovaries

A

Mesovarium

150
Q

Where does the lateral surface of the ovary contact the parietal peritoneum?

A

In the ovarian fossa

151
Q

What is found behind the ovarian fossa?

A

Retroperitoneal structures (ureter, internal iliac vessels, obturator vessels and nerve, origin of uterine artery)

152
Q

What does the medial surface of the ovaries face?

A

Uterus and uterine vessels in the broad ligament

153
Q

What is the name of the peritoneal recess on the medial surface of the ovaries?

A

Ovarian bursa

154
Q

Which surface of the ovaries contains the mesovarium?

A

The anterior

155
Q

Which border of the ovaries is free?

A

The posterior

156
Q

What happens to the size of the ovaries during pregnancy?

A

They more than double

157
Q

What happens to the size of the ovaries during menopause?

A

They reduce

158
Q

What is the ovaries covered by?

A

Single layer of cuboidal epithelium

159
Q

Name of the epithelium of the ovaries

A

Germinal epithelium

160
Q

What is found beneath the epithelium of the ovaries?

A

A tough collagenous coat called tunica albuginea

161
Q

Which part of the ovaries contains the ovarian follicles?

A

The cortex

162
Q

Which part of the ovaries receives the ovarian vessels and nerves at the hilum?

A

The medulla

163
Q

What happens to the ovarian cortex after puberty?

A

It forms the major part of the ovary (from 35% before)

164
Q

What are follicles and other structures derived from the ovaries embedded in?

A

A dense stroma

165
Q

What is the stroma of the follicles composed of?

A

Meshwork of think collagen fibers and fusiform fibroblast-like cells and stratal cells

166
Q

What do stroll cells give rise to?

A

The theca layers of maturing ovarian follicles

167
Q

What does the tecal interna become in the corpus luteum?

A

Steroid-secreting

168
Q

Is the the medulla of the ovaries highly vascular?

A

Yes

169
Q

What does the ovarian medulla contain?

A

Veins and spiral arteries

170
Q

Where do the veins and spiral arteries enter the ovarian medulla?

A

The hilum

171
Q

4 stages of the ovarian follicles

A

Primordial follicles
Primary follicles
Secondary (antral) follicles
Tertiary (Graafian) folic

172
Q

What is found in the superior fold of the ovary?

A

Ovarian suspensory ligament
Ovarian artery and vein

173
Q

What is found in the inferior fold of the ovary?

A

Proper ovarian ligament

174
Q

Is the surface of the ovaries shiny and smooth?

A

No because they are covered by German epithelium and not peritoneal

175
Q

What do primordial follicles consist of?

A

Primary oocytes surrounded by a single layer of flat follicular cells

176
Q

What is the first sign of primary follicles?

A

A change from single layered flattened to multilayered cuboidal

177
Q

Name of the cavity in secondary follicles? (ovaries)

A

Antrum

178
Q

Name of the mature follicle ready for ovulation

A

Tertiary follicle

179
Q

Different name for tertiary follicle

A

Graafian

180
Q

How many secondary follicles?

A

Many

181
Q

How many tertiary follicles?

A

1

182
Q

Which follicle becomes the Graafian follicles?

A

Follicle with highest number of receptors for FSH

183
Q

Different name for corpus luteum

A

Yellow body

184
Q

When does the function of the corpus luteum stop?

A

12-14 days after ovulation

185
Q

What I the name of what the cops luteum turns into?

A

Corpus albicans

186
Q

Different name for corpus albicans

A

White body

187
Q

3 parts of blood supply to the vagina

A

Superior: viganial branches of uterine artery
Vaginal artery originating directly from internal illial artery
Distal: internal pudendal artery

187
Q

What does the ovarian branch of the uterine artery follow?

A

Ovarian ligament

187
Q

In which gender is the rectovesical pouch?

A

Males

187
Q

Where doe male and female gonads originates?

A

Mesoderm

187
Q

Does the prostate come from the wolffish duct system?

A

No

187
Q

Where do the testes pass through to reach the scrotum?

A

Inguinal canal

187
Q

What pulls down the testes to reach the scrotum?

A

Gubernaculum testis

187
Q

Why do the testes shift during the fatal period?

A

Because spermatogenesis requires a lower body temperature than 37c*

187
Q

Where does the spermatic cord extend?

A

From the deep inguinal ring to the posterior aspect of the testis

187
Q

What suspends the testis?

A

Spermatic cords

187
Q

What covers the anterior, medial and lateral surface of the testis?

A

Visceral layer of the serial tunica vaginalis

187
Q

What does the septa of testis divide it into?

A

Lobules

187
Q

How many lobules per testis?

A

Approx. 250

187
Q

What does spermatogonia divide into?

A

Primary spermatocytes

187
Q

What connects Sertoli cells?

A

Thight junctions

187
Q

What does the epididymis consists of?

A

A single 6 m long coiled duct

187
Q

Name of the duct in the epididymis

A

Epididymal duct

187
Q

What kind of gland is the prostate?

A

Exocrine

187
Q

What kind of organ is the prostate?

A

Solid

187
Q

What does the prostate release its secrete into?

A

The ureter

187
Q

5 zones of the prostate

A

Central zone
Peripheral zone
Anterior zone
Periurethral zone
Transition zone

187
Q

Different name for seminal vesicles

A

Seminal glands

187
Q

Which zone makes up the majority of the prostate?

A

Peripheral zone

187
Q

Name of the functional unit of the prostate gland

A

Acini

187
Q

What number of chromosomes do primordial follicles contain?

A

Diploid numbers

187
Q

When do primordial follicles get arrested at the diplotene stage of mitotic prophase?

A

Before birth

187
Q

What kind of cells do primary follicles consist of?

A

Granulosa cells
Thick basal lamina of stromal cells

187
Q

What kind of cells are theca interna and granuloma cells?

A

Endocrine cells

187
Q

What is the liquid in the cavities between the granulosa cells called? (secondary follicles)

A

Liquor folliculi

187
Q

In the secondary follicles, what does the thickened granulosa layer form when enveloping the oocyte?

A

Cumulus oophorus

187
Q

What happens to the theca interna when the follicles mature?

A

It becomes more prominent and the cells get more rounded

187
Q

What happens to the follicles that don’t become the tertiary follicle?

A

They become atretic

187
Q

What happens to the primary oocyte when the follicle becomes tertiary?

A

It completes its first meiotic division

187
Q

When does the primary oocyte produce when undergoing its first meiotic division?

A

Secondary oocyte

187
Q

Is the secondary oocyte haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

187
Q

Where does the follicle move after becoming a tertiary follicle?

A

To the superficial cortex, making the ovary bulge

187
Q

What does the remainder of the follicle become after ovulation?

A

Corpus luteum

187
Q

Which cells form most of the corpus luteum?

A

Granulosa lutein cells

187
Q

What does granulosa lutein cells secrete?

A

Progesterone and oestradiol

187
Q

What does theca lutein cells express receptors for?

A

Human chronic gonadotrophin (hCG)

187
Q

What happens to the corpus luteum if there is no fertilisation?

A

It functions for 12-14 days and then atrophies

187
Q

What kind of degeneration does lutein cells undergo when no fertilisation takes place?

A

Fatty degeneration, autolysis

187
Q

What are lutein cells replaces by when no fertilisation takes place?

A

Fibrous tissue

187
Q

When does the implantation of the blastocyst into the uterine endometrium usually begin when fertilisation occurs?

A

7 days later

187
Q

What does the embryonic trophoblast produce?

A

hCG (human chronic gonadotrophin)

187
Q

What stimulates the corpus luteum of menstruation to grow and become a corpus luteum of pregnancy?

A

hCG

187
Q

What does the uterine and vaginal arteries branch off of?

A

The anterior division of the internal iliac artery

187
Q

3 branches of the uterine artery

A

Round ligament
Tubal
Ovarian

187
Q

Are there anastomosis in the vessels that vascularise the uterine tube and the ovary?

A

Yes

187
Q

Where does the ovarian artery originate from?

A

The abdominal aorta

187
Q

What kind of vessels does the suspensory ligament of the ovary contain?

A

Ovarian vessels

187
Q

Which nervous system controls the female reproductive system?

A

Autonomous (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

187
Q

Where are the testes and epididymis located?

A

Lodged in the scrotum

187
Q

What surrounds the besties?

A

Peritoneal serosa
Aponeurosis of transversus muscle
Aponeurosis of external olique

187
Q

What is fascia spermatic interna ?

A

The aponeurosis of transverse muscle

187
Q

What is fascia spermatica externa ?

A

The aponeurossi of external oblique

187
Q

What is the median umbilical fold made of?

A

Fibrous tissue

187
Q

Which testis is usually lower?

A

The left

187
Q

Which aspect does the spermatic cord attach to?

A

The posterior aspect

187
Q

Are the surface of the testis convex or concave?

A

Convex

187
Q

What covers the testis?

A

The visceral layer of the serosal tunica vaginalis

187
Q

Which aspect of the testis is only partly covered by serosa?

A

The posterior aspect

187
Q

What adjoins the lateral parts of the serosa?

A

The epididymis

187
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis the lower end of?

A

The peritoneal processus vaginalis

187
Q

What is the testis reflected from and onto?

A

The testis onto the internal surface of the scrotum

187
Q

What happens to the tunica vaginalis posterolaterally?

A

Passes to the medial aspect of the epididymis

187
Q

What is found between the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis?

A

A thin film of fluid

187
Q

What is the tunica albuginea made os?

A

Interlacing bundles of collagen fibers

187
Q

Where are the lobules of the testis largest and longest?

A

In the centre

187
Q

What does lobule contain?

A

1-4 convuluted seminiferous tubules

187
Q

What surrounds each seminiferous tubule in the testis?

A

A basal lamina

187
Q

What rests on the basil lamina of the seminiferous tubules?

A

Complex, stratified seminiferous epithelium containing spermatogenic cells and supportive sertoli cells

187
Q

When active, what does the spermatogenic cells include? (4)

A

Basally situated spermatogonia
Spermatocytes
Spermatid
Mature spermatozoa

187
Q

Are secondary spermatocytes haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

187
Q

What does secondary spermocytes rapidly undergo?

A

Meiotic division

187
Q

What are Sertoli cells?

A

The supporting non-spermatogenic cells of the seminiferous tubules

187
Q

How many of the Sertoli cells contact the basal lamina?

A

All of them

187
Q

What are Sertoli cells joined by?

A

Thight junctions

187
Q

What is the blood testis barrier?

A

Diffusion barrier between the extra tubular and intratubular compartment formed by the thighs junctions of the sertoli cells

187
Q

Where is the epididymis located in relations to the testis?

A

Posteriorly and slightly lateral

187
Q

Different name for spermatic duct

A

Vas deferens

187
Q

What are the efferent ductules of the testis lined by?

A

Ciliated columnar epithelium

187
Q

What are the ductules of the testis surrounded by external to the epithelium?

A

Thin circular coat of smooth muscle

187
Q

What makes up the head of the epididymis?

A

The conical lobules formed by the large and convoluted ends of the ductules

187
Q

What makes up the duct of the epididymis?

A

Epithelium
Basal membrane
Muscular wall

187
Q

2 main cell types of the epithelium of the epididymis

A

Principal cells
Basal cells

187
Q

What is the name of the microvilli found in principal cells

A

Stereocilia

187
Q

What does the stereo cilia do?

A

Resorb approx. 90% of the fluid from testicular secretion
Secrete glycoproteins

187
Q

Which cells are thought to be precursor cells to the principal cells?

A

Basal cells

187
Q

Does the prostate have a true fibrous capsule?

A

No, it is enclosed by visceral fascia

187
Q

What is the prostate divided into?

A

Lobules?

187
Q

What divides the prostate into lobules?

A

Numerous fibromuscular septa which originate from the fascia

187
Q

Where are the openings of the ejaculatory ducts?

A

Seminal colliculus in the prostatic urethra

187
Q

What is the prostate transversed by?

A

The urethra and ejaculatory ducts

187
Q

Is the prostate paired or unpaired?

A

Unpaired

187
Q

Where is the prostate located?

A

Below the funds of the bladder

187
Q

Which zone of the prostate is gland-free?

A

Anterior zone

187
Q

What do acini open into?

A

Elongated canals which from main ducts

187
Q

What are acini separated by?

A

Loose connective tissue

188
Q

Where do prostatic ducts mainly open into?

A

The floor of the prostatic urethra

189
Q

Are prostatic secretions acidic or basic?

A

Slightly acidic

190
Q

Where are the seminal vesicles located?

A

Between the bladder and rectum

191
Q

How many seminal vesicles in a man?

A

2

192
Q

What does the seminal vesicles join?

A

The vas deferens

193
Q

What does the seminal vesicles form with the vas deferens?

A

The ejaculatory duct

194
Q

What separate the seminal vesicles and the rectum?

A

Denonvillier’s fascia

195
Q

How much does the seminal vesicles contribute to the seminal fluid?

A

85%

196
Q

What does the tunica vasculosa contain?

A

A nexus of blood vessels and delicate loose connective tissue

197
Q

Is there a venous plexus in the sub peritoneal in men?

A

Yes

198
Q

Which nervous system controls the male reproductive system?

A

Autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

Human anatomy and organogenesis (21 decks)

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