Diseases of Human Systems - CTD: Gout and Osteoarthritis Flashcards
What is an acute monoarthropathies?
Arthritis of a single joint (can be the initial stage of poly arthritis)
What can cause monoarthropathies? (2)
infection of joint
Crystal arthopathy - gout - uric acid crystal deposits in joints
What is gout?
Where uric acid crystals deposits form in joints
What causes gout? (7)
Hyperuricaemia
caused by; Drugs - thiazide diuretics Genetics Nucleic acid breakdown - can be increased after chemo tumours - myeloma
the above causes can be enhanced by;
obesity
alcohol
Post menopause
What are the symptoms of gout?
Pain that precipitated by an event i.e. trauma. surgery, illness
Rapid onset of pain
If the pain responds to NSAIDS - can’t use aspirin
What are the dental implications of gout? (2)
Do not prescribe aspirin as it interferes with uric acid removal
Allopurinol used to lower uric acid levels causes apthes pattern oral ulceration
What is osteoarthritis?
Degenerative joint disease of load bearing joints i.e. hips, knees
caused by cartilage repair dysfunction
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis? (3)
Pain that improves with rest and worsens with activity
Morning stiffness
Slowly progresses over the years
What are the clinical signs of osteoarthritis both upon examination and on a radiograph? (3)
Loss of joint space, subchondral sclerosis on a radiograph
Osteophyte lipping at joint edges - radiograph
Joint swellings and deformities
How is osteoarthritis managed? (4)
Cannot reverse the disease process;
manage pain by; Weight loss NSAIDS Joint replacements Walking aids
What are the dental implications of osteoarthritis? (3)
TMJ can be involved - symptoms rarely present
Chronic NSAIDS can cause bleeding tendencies and ulcers
problems with mobility and access to care
