Large intestinal function Flashcards
What does extracellular fluid include?
plasma
lymph
interstitial
gastrointestinal
synovial
peritoneal
pleural
What are the % of intracellular and extracellular water of bodyweight?
ICF = 30-40% of BW
ECF = 20-40& of BW
Blood volume = 90-100ml/kg
Fill in the table of the main sites of digestion and water absorption in different species
what is segmentation?
muscular activity that divides and mixes the chyme by alternation between backwards and forwards movement of ingesta
What is mass movement of ingesta?
sudde, uniform peristaltic contraction that moves formed faeces from the transverse colon to the rectum
Describe the process of emptying the rectum
Stretch receptors in the rectum detect when it is full => triggers parasympathetic nervous response => peristalsis of colon and rectum to move faeces to anus
Internal anal sphincter relaxes (smooth muscle, involuntary) and external anal sphincter relaxed (skeletal muscle, voluntary) => defacation
What factors are important for digestion in hindgut fermenters
Type of bacteria - lactobacillus, streptococci
Correct pH
anaerobic environment
fluid movement
retention of food via antiperistaltic movements
where does microbial digestion and absorption occur in horses and rabbits?
Caecum and ventral colon in horse
Caecum in rabbit
What does a change in diet alter in the equine LI
number and type of bacteria
pH and conditions for VFA absorption
water balance
what is the consequence of infrequent feeds in the equine LI?
decrease in pH and increase in lactate
massive influx of water
what is the consequence of changes in bacterial flora in the equine large intestine?
enteritis
colitis
laminitis
What is the consequence of changes in water balance in the equine LI?
impactions
