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Grade 9 History > Semester B Unit 7 > Flashcards

Semester B Unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is a major factor in causing globalization to speed up in the last two decades?
A

Advances in computer technology

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2
Q
  1. What has globalization done to the standard of living in developed nations?
A

It has caused the standard of living to rise.

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3
Q

What is free trade, and what are the arguments for and against it?

A

DEFINITION: Businesses in various nations engaging in commerce with little government interference or restriction
FOR: Results in less expensive goods, benefits countries by allowing them to concentrate on what they do best provides a basis for cooperation among nations
AGAINST: Allows companies in developed nations to move factories to less developed countries, restricts countries from passing laws to protect the environment or regulate labor practices

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4
Q
  1. Match each organization or agreement on the right that promotes free trade with the statement on the left that best describes it.
    European Union
    WTO
    NAFTA
    Removed many trade barriers among Mexico, the United States, and Canada
    Allows goods to flow freely across national borders of member nations
    Encourages free trade and helps settle trade disputes among its more than 100 members
A

Removed many trade barriers among Mexico, the United States, and Canada: NAFTA

Allows goods to flow freely across national borders of member nations: EUROPEAN UINION

Encourages free trade and helps settle trade disputes among its more than 100 members: WTO

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5
Q

What is outsourcing, and what are the arguments for and against it?

A

DEFINITION: The use of workers in other countries by multinational corporations
FOR: Consumers at home benefit from lower prices when a corporation is able to cut
costs, growing profits allow corporations to hire more skilled and high-paid workers at home.
AGAINST: Outsourcing leads to a loss of jobs in a corporation’s home country.

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6
Q
  1. Complete the following chart as you read the subsection titled “Developed and Developing Nations.”
    DEVELOPED
    * industrialized
    * high ________________ of living
    * allow citizens to enjoy a free and ____________ life in a safe environment
    * concentrated in North America and Europe
    Example nations
A
  • industrialized
  • high STANDARD of living
  • allow citizens to enjoy a free and HEALTHY life in a safe environment
  • concentrated in North America and Europe
    EXAMPLE NATIONS
    US
    France
    Japan
    Israel
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7
Q
  1. Complete the following chart as you read the subsection titled “Developed and Developing Nations.”
    ADVANCED DEVELOPING
    * rapidly _____________ economies
    * may soon qualify as ________________
    * have benefited from ________________
    Example nations
A
  • rapidly GROWING economies
  • may soon qualify as DEVELOPED
  • have benefited from GLOBALIZATION
    EXAMPLE NATIONS
    South Korea
    Turkey
    Brazil
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8
Q
  1. Complete the following chart as you read the subsection titled “Developed and Developing Nations.”
    LEAST DEVELOPED
    * suffer from widespread _____________
    * experience ______________ instability
    * benefit very little from globalization
    Example nations
A
  • suffer from widespread POVERTY
  • experience POLITICAL instability
  • benefit very little from globalization
    EXAMPLE NATIONS
    Chad
    Ethiopia
    Bangladesh
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9
Q
  1. Why did the recession that began in 2007 in the United States spread around the world?
A

The economies of the world’s nations are increasingly interdependent; the ups and downs of one country’s economy can affect the rest of the world.

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10
Q
  1. Which country influences other cultures to a greater extent than any other due to its economic output?
A

United States

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11
Q
  1. Why do some people protest against some popular American companies doing business in other countries?
A

They fear that their own cultural traditions will be submerged in a tide of Americanization.

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12
Q
  1. Give at least three examples of different cultures interacting as a result of globalization.
A

American movies, music, and clothes are found in other countries. Japanese
comic books called manga and movies made in India—“Bollywood” films—are popular in the United States.

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13
Q

Social Issues and Challenges:
POVERTY/HUNGER

A

Nearly one-quarter of the earth’s population lives in extreme poverty.
* Nearly half the people in the world live on less than the equivalent of $2 a day.
* The world’s poorest people usually lack access to adequate shelter, health care, and education.
* According to the United Nations, in 2008 more than 900 million people were undernourished and 25,000 a day died of starvation.
* Famines occur that cause many deaths.
* The gap between rich and poor remains.

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14
Q

Social Issues and Challenges:
DISEASE

A
  • AIDS is a pandemic that has led to the deaths of some 25 million people.
  • AIDS has taken a terrible toll in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Overuse of antibiotics has led to drug-resistant germs.
  • Air travel has the potential to spread disease very rapidly.
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15
Q

Social Issues and Challenges:
MIGRATION/URBANIZATION

A
  • Immigrants often seek freedom, stability, and economic opportunity.
  • Immigrants are often accused of taking jobs away from native-born residents during times of economic trouble.
  • Many Muslim immigrants to European countries faced suspicion and hostility after terrorist attacks by militant Islamists.
  • People migrate to cities for a better life, but most cities in developing countries lack the infrastructure to support an exploding population.
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16
Q

Social Issues and Challenges:
WOMEN AND CHILDREN

A
  • Across the world, most women lack the same rights and opportunities as men.
  • In many developing countries, cultural traditions result in many women being illiterate.
  • Many nations fail to prevent the exploitation and abuse of children.
17
Q

Social Issues and Challenges:
DEMOCRACY/HUMAN RIGHTS

A
  • Much of the world’s population is still denied basic rights.
  • The Chinese people have no political liberty.
  • Most people in Africa and the Middle East live under dictatorial regimes.
18
Q
  1. Match each environmental issue on the right with its description.
    ____________________: Many of the world’s urban areas suffer from this. The main source is carbon monoxide from cars and trucks and industrial chemicals from the burning of coal.
    ____________________: Many scientists link this to global warming and argue of disastrous consequences. Some scientists claim this is more of a result of natural variations in the world’s temperature over time.
    ____________________: This occurs when natural or human activity causes land to become arid and uninhabitable. The United Nations estimates some 50 million people may be displaced because of this by 2017.
    ____________________: This is caused by waste from homes, chemicals from factories, and fertilizer from farms. Some 1.5 billion people in the world lack our most basic human need because of this.
    ____________________: This is a serious problem because trees serve a vital function by removing poisonous carbon dioxide from the air and releasing life-giving oxygen. It can potentially cause the extinction of many species.
A

AIR POLLUTION: Many of the world’s urban areas suffer from this. The main source is carbon monoxide from cars and trucks and industrial chemicals from the burning of coal.
CLIMATE CHANGE: Many scientists link this to Global warming and argue of disastrous consequences. Some scientists claim this is more of a result of natural variations in the world’s temperature over time.
DESERTIFICATION: This occurs when natural or human activity causes land to become arid and uninhabitable. The United Nations estimates some 50 million people may be displaced because of this by 2017.
WATER POLLUTION: This is caused by waste from homes, chemicals from factories, and fertilizer from farms. Some 1.5 billion people in the world lack our most basic human need because of this.
DEFORESTATION: This is a serious problem because trees serve a vital function by removing poisonous carbon dioxide from the air and releasing life-giving oxygen. It can potentially cause the extinction of many species.

19
Q
  1. Technological and scientific advancements have affected human lives in many ways. Complete the following to show how these advancements have benefited society.
    SPACE FLIGHT
    * Innovations applied to cars and places, making them more efficient and __________.
    * Imaging techniques used to study the _________ used to see into the human body
    * Nutrition research for astronauts used to make better ___________ food
A
  • Innovations applied to cars and places, making them more efficient and SAFE.
  • Imaging techniques used to study the MOON used to see into the human body
  • Nutrition research for astronauts used to make better BABY food
20
Q
  1. Technological and scientific advancements have affected human lives in many ways. Complete the following to show how these advancements have benefited society.
    SATELLITES
    * Provide important information to government officials, ___________ forecasters, and military planners
    * Allow the use of __________ phones globally
    * Help _______ motorists and travelers accurately
A
  • Provide important information to government officials, WEATHER forecasters, and military planners
  • Allow the use of CELL phones globally
  • Help GUIDE motorists and travelers accurately
21
Q
  1. Technological and scientific advancements have affected human lives in many ways. Complete the following to show how these advancements have benefited society.
    MEDICAL
    * MRI and CT _____________ used to diagnose and treat various illnesses
    * ________________ make surgery safer and less painful
    * Human Genome Project should eventually help scientists _________, prevent, and treat many diseases
A
  • MRI and CT SCANNERS used to diagnose and treat various illnesses
  • LASERS make surgery safer and less painful
  • Human Genome Project should eventually help scientists PREDICT, prevent, and treat many diseases
22
Q
  1. Technological and scientific advancements have affected human lives in many ways. Complete the following to show how these advancements have benefited society.
    INFORMATION REVOLUTION
    * Dramatically changed the way people around the world ________ and ________
    * Internet has transformed the ways in which people around the world ____________ and share information
A
  • Dramatically changed the way people around the world LIVE and WORK
  • Internet has transformed the ways in which people around the world COMMUNICATE and share information
23
Q
  1. What effect has the Internet had on education?
A

Colleges and high schools can offer courses online.

24
Q
  1. Although problems of poverty, hunger, and disease continue to affect millions of people in the world today, progress has been made. Complete the following to show the causes and effects of this progress.
    DISEASE-CAUSE:
    Childhood vaccines, improved sanitation, and breakthroughs in medicine
    EFFECT:
A

People live longer and healthier lives.

25
Q
  1. Although problems of poverty, hunger, and disease continue to affect millions of people in the world today, progress has been made. Complete the following to show the causes and effects of this progress.
    HUNGER-CAUSE:
    Green revolution resulting from the discovery of how to alter genes in food crops
    EFFECT:
A

Terrible recurring famines have come to an end in many places.

26
Q
  1. Although problems of poverty, hunger, and disease continue to affect millions of people in the world today, progress has been made. Complete the following to show the causes and effects of this progress.
    POVERTY-CAUSE:
    Economic growth resulting from globalization
    EFFECT:
A

Poverty has dramatically decreased in some areas of the world.

27
Q
  1. What is the purpose of the Human Development Index (HDI)?
A

to compare the standard of living among various countries worldwide

27
Q
  1. What three factors make up the HDI?
A
  • a nation’s average level of education among its residents
  • a nation’s average life expectancy
  • a nation’s gross domestic product per person
28
Q
  1. The current HDI shows extreme _________ between the world’s richest and poorest nations.
A
  1. The current HDI shows extreme GAPS between the world’s richest and poorest nations.
29
Q

m7. The HDI shows some worldwide trends in the standard of living since the mid-twentieth century. Identify five of these trends.

A
  • The standard of living has risen most steeply in the developing world.
  • The life expectancy in developed countries rose from 66 to 74 years.
  • The life expectancy in developing countries rose from 40 to 61 years.
  • The literacy rate in China increased from 48 to 82 percent.
  • The literacy rate in sub-Saharan Africa rose from less than 20 to more than 50 percent.
30
Q
  1. Why is education important to economic and social progress and improving people’s standard of living?
A

People who are literate (educated to the point of being able to read and write) are able to take full advantage of the opportunities that an increasingly globalized economy offers.

31
Q
A

Grade 9 History (16 decks)

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