WARTIME ECONOMY Flashcards

1
Q

WHEN did the German economy reach full mobilisation?

A

1942

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2
Q

WERE there shortages during the initial years of the war?

A

Yes, there were shortages of weapons and equipment, but there were few issues due to the successes of Blitzkrieg

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3
Q

WHEN did supply shortages start to be felt during the war?

A

1941, due to Operation Barbarossa (Russian campaign)

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4
Q

WHAT aspects of the German economy were unprepared for war in 1939?

A
  • The Luftwaffe or the navy weren’t fully expanded yet
  • Production was still more focused on research and development
  • Firms weren’t set up for mass production of weapons
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5
Q

WHO was in charge of the economy in the initial years of the war?

A

Goering

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6
Q

HOW effective was Goering in charge of the economy at the start of the war?

A

Ineffective. He lacked the technical economic knowledge and had too poor relations with military/business leaders to provide centralised coordination of the economy

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7
Q

WHEN was Speer appointed Armaments Minister?

A

1942

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8
Q

HOW was production rationalised during the war under Speer?

A
  • Central allocation of labour, equipment and material to armament factories
  • Introduced standardised production
  • Greater use of mass production techniques
  • Shift working to keep factories open 24 hours
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9
Q

By HOW MUCH did German aircraft production increase 1941-1943?

A

It increased by 200%

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10
Q

HOW did Allied bombing impact production during the war?

A
  • Damaged supply lines
  • Factories had to be dispersed intermittently
  • Weakened worker morale
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11
Q

HOW was the labour force used in the most efficient way during the war

A
  • Non-essential workers were released for military service or moved to munitions industries
  • Increased use of foreign labour
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12
Q

WHEN was full-scale conscription of labour into essential war work implemented?

A

1943

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13
Q

WHERE were foreign labourers conscripted from during the war?

A
  • Occupied countries in Western and Eastern Europe
  • Prisoners of war from the USSR from 1941
  • Concentration camp inmates
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14
Q

HOW MANY foreign workers were working for Germany in 1944?

A

7 million were working in Germany and a further 7 million were working in occupied countries.

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15
Q

WHAT fraction of the German labour force was made up of foreign labour by 1944?

A

1/4

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16
Q

HOW were Eastern European workers treated compared to Western European workers?

A
  • Poorer conditions
  • Harsher discipline
  • Paid about half Western European and German workers were paid
17
Q

HOW were prisoners of war and concentration camp inmates treated when working for the Germans?

A
  • They were used as slave labour
  • They had starvation rations