Ch 40

Question 1

Open Circulation

Answer 1

Hemolymph (combined body fluids and blood)
Drains into heart

Question 2

Closed Circulation

Answer 2

Separation of body fluid and blood

Question 3

Oxygenated blood movement

Answer 3

Heart -> arteries -> tissues

Question 4

Deoxygenated Blood movement

Answer 4

Tissues -> veins -> heart

Question 5

Fish

Answer 5

2-chambered heart
Gills
1 atria and 1 ventricle

Question 6

Amphibians

Answer 6

3-chambered heart
Cutaneous skin
2 atria and 1 ventricle
Exothermic

Question 7

Non-crocodilian reptiles

Answer 7

3-chambered heart
No gills
2 atria and 1 ventricle
Exothermic

Question 8

Crocs, Birds, and Mammals

Answer 8

4-chambered heart
Double loop (body and lungs)
2 atria and 2 ventricles

Sinoatrial node in right atria (Starts process)

Endothermic

Question 9

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 9

Atria -> ventricle
Tricuspid (right)
Mitral/bicuspid (left)

Question 10

Electrocardiogram

Answer 10

P-wave
QRS complex
T-wave

Question 11

P-wave

Answer 11

Atrial contraction and depolarization

Question 12

QRS complex

Answer 12

(Top number of BP)
Ventricular contraction and depolarization

Question 13

T-wave

Answer 13

(Bottom number of BP)
Ventricular relaxation and repolarization

Question 14

Cardioaccelerator

Answer 14

Adrenaline and Norepinephrine

Raise heart rate

Question 15

Cardioinhibitor

Answer 15

Acetylcholine
Decrease heart rate

Question 16

Components of Blood

Answer 16

55% plasma
45% cellular (Red and white blood cells, platelets)

Question 17

Blood clotting

Answer 17

Platelets adhere to exposed collagen
Inactive proteins are activated by clotting factors

Question 18

Artery

Answer 18

More elastic layers
Thicker smooth muscle
Thinner connective tissue

Question 19

Vein

Answer 19

Few elastic layers
Thin smooth muscle
Thicker connective tissue

Question 20

Capillary

Answer 20

1 cell thick
1mm in length
Dense network of exchange
Small but numerous