Muscles

Question 1

traits of striated muscle (skeletal muscle)

Answer 1

somatic, most power, fastest, most organized

Question 2

traits of smooth muscle

Answer 2

autonomic, slowest, least power

Question 3

traits of cardiac muscle

Answer 3

autonomic, less fast, slower

Question 4

organization of skeletal muscle

Answer 4

connective tissue (epimysium and perimysium) wrap muscle bundles, blood vessels, and nerves; muscle bundles wrapped in connective tissue with muscle fibers inside; myofibril inside muscle cells

Question 5

thick filament

Answer 5

myosin

Question 6

thin filament

Answer 6

actin

Question 7

actin

Answer 7

made of actin and tropomyosin –> tropomyosin blocks actin binding sites

Question 8

myosin

Answer 8

2 polysaccharides wound into a helix and create a filament, have a globular head

Question 9

how many actin are surrounding myosin?

Answer 9

6

Question 10

sarcomere

Answer 10

smallest unit of contraction in muscle

Question 11

troponin

Answer 11

bound to tropomyosin keeping it in place, affected by calcium

Question 12

Z disc

Answer 12

defines the lateral border of the sarcomere

Question 13

A band

Answer 13

myosin and actin overlap, dark, length remains unchanged during contraction

Question 14

I band

Answer 14

only actin, light, cross in the middle (Z disc), length contracts or shortens during contraction

Question 15

sliding filament model

Answer 15

myosin pulls actin towards the center

Question 16

cross bridge cycle

Answer 16

1. myosin head binds to ATP leading to detachment from actin, 2. myosin head catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP and cocks the myosin head back, 3. myosin head binds to actin forming a cross bridge, 4. ADP is released and produces a power stroke that causes shortening of the sarcomere

Question 17

motor endplate

Answer 17

where neuron synapses with muscle

Question 18

T tubule

Answer 18

connects the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the depolarization is sent through it

Question 19

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 19

storage site for calcium ions and releases them when action potential is sent

Question 20

antagonistic muscles

Answer 20

extension, bringing bones further apart

Question 21

agonist muscles

Answer 21

bringing bones together, flexion

Question 22

twitch contraction

Answer 22

one contraction, not usually summed

Question 23

tetanic contraction

Answer 23

many summed contractions at once causing complete contraction of the muscle

Question 24

motor unit

Answer 24

control very large muscle groups and allow for big forces