17: Carbonyl Compounds

Question 1

Fehling’s reagent [3]

Answer 1

-A solution used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.
- When heated in Fehling’s solution an aldehyde is oxidised and forms a brick red solution
-whereas a ketone is not oxidised and the solution remains blue.

Question 2

Hydroxynitrile

Answer 2

​A molecule that has a carbon bonded to both a nitrile and hydroxy functional
group.

Question 3

Tollens’ reagent [4]

Answer 3

-Also known as ammoniacal silver nitrate,
-this reagent forms a silver mirror in the presence of an aldehyde
- and can be used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones.
-An aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid while silver ions in Tollens’ are reduced to silver,
forming a silver mirror on the wall of the test tube.