2: Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is Ag+?
The formula for a silver ion.
What does anhydrous mean?
A compound that contains no water.
What is the Avogadro constant [2]?
-The number of atoms, molecules or ions in one mole of a given substance
-equal to 6.02 x 10^23 mol.
What is CO3^2–?
The formula for a carbonate ion.
What is a compound?
A substance that combines two or more different elements through the formation of chemical bonds.
What is an element?
Substances that contain one type of atom only, with all atoms of the same element having the same number of protons.
What is an empirical formula?
Smallest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
For example, the empirical formula of benzene (C6H6), cyclobutadiene (C4H4) and acetylene (C2H2) are all ‘CH’.
What does excess mean in a chemical reaction?
When a reactant is in excess, there is more than the required amount for the reaction.
What is HCO3–?
The formula for a bicarbonate ion.
What does hydrated mean?
A hydrated compound is one that contains water.
What is hydration?
The chemical addition of water to a substance.
What is a hydrocarbon?
A compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
What is ionic charge?
The electrical charge of an ion caused by the gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of electrons.
What is an ionic compound?
A compound made up of anions and cations held together by ionic bonds due to electrostatic attraction.
What is an ionic equation?
A chemical equation that involves dissociated, reacting ions only.
What is a limiting reagent? [2]
-The reagent in a reaction which is completely used up
-determines how much of a product is made.
What is a mole? [2]
-The unit for the amount of substance,
-equal to 6.02 x 10^23 atoms.
What is a molecular formula?
The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
What is a molecule?
Formed from two or more atoms that have been covalently bonded together.
What is NH4+?
The formula for an ammonium ion.
What is NO3–?
The formula for a nitrate ion.
What is OH–?
The formula for a hydroxide ion.
What is an oxidation number?
The charge of an ion or a theoretical charge of an atom in a covalently bonded compound.
What is percentage yield?
The percentage ratio of the actual yield of product from a reaction compared with the theoretical yield.
