Reproduction: Test 1 : Parker Q7-9 Flashcards
1
Q
Q7:
Effects of Androgen on body:
A
- Appearance of body axillary/ pubic hair (PUBARCHE)
- Development of Pilosebaceous unit –> Acne and body odor.
- Adrenal Androgens also contribute to osteogenesis and increased muscle protein and bone mass
- Androgen synthesis conversion of cholesterol to testosterone
- Maintenance of erectile function and libido
2
Q
Q7:
Oral effects of androgen:
A
enhanced osteoblast proliferation and differentiation
3
Q
Q7:
Effects of estrogen on body:
A
Check Parker Review notes.
- Everything pretty much increases though except for LDL. (which is good cause we want low LDL value)
- Blood: pro-coagulant effect
- Cardiovascular: High blood pressure and platelet aggregation
- Endocrine: glucose intolerance
- Brain: Drives female primates to mate
4
Q
Q7:
Effects of estrogen on periodontal tissues:
A
- Increased cellular proliferation in blood vessels
- Increased gingival inflammation without increasing plaque
- Decreased keratinzation –> Diminishes effectiveness of epithelial
5
Q
Q7:
Effects of progesterone on body:
Think pregnancy
A
- Enhances endometrial thickness in pregnancy
- Fluid retention, weight gain
- Increases core temperature during ovulation
- Cramping.
6
Q
Q7:
Effects of progesterone on oral:
A
- Impeded rate of collagen production in gingiva – reduced repair and maintenance potential.
7
Q
Q8:
PMS definition: What kind of condition? What kind of disturbances? How many symptoms have been documented? Are all cycles affected? Do all premenstrual changes?
A
- Psychoendocrine condition
- Somatic/cognitive/affective/behavioral disturbances
- More than 150 symptoms documented
- Not all cycles are affected
- Not all premenstrual changes = PMS
8
Q
Q8:
PMS definition:
- Percentage of women whom meet criteria for PMS
- Percentage who experience premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
- Which phase do you have to be in, in order to have PMS
A
- 85%
- 2-10% experience PMDD
- Luteal phase: Ovulation suppression improves symptomatology. (Without ovulation PMS cannot occur– no luteal phase)
9
Q
Q8:
PMS Criteria: How many symptoms? Which phase only? How many consecutive cycles? Substance abuse involved with it? Secondary or NOT secondary to psych/medical illnesses
A
- one or more of 10 symptoms
- Luteal phase only
- 3 consecutive cycles
- Not due to substance abuse
- Not secondary to psch/medical illnesses
- Symptom-Free time and Bothersome
- Diagnostic criteria – Definition, Criteria, perceived severity and manifestations vary (if symptoms don’t bother the patient, not necessarily called PMS)
10
Q
Q9:
What is the definition of Amenorrhea?
- When can it occur?
- Is it a sign/symptom or disease?
- Reason for woman to celebrate or not to celebrate?
- For others, it results in what???
- Waiting for results and explanations can seem like?
A
- Absent menstruation 3-6 months
- May occur during puberty or any time throughout the reproductive life span
- It is a sign/symptom, not a disease
- For some woman this is a reason to celebrate
- For others, it results in significant stress
- seems like eternity.
11
Q
Q9:
What two BIG things are not considered to be amenorrhea?
A
- Pregnancy and menopause
12
Q
Q9:
What are the two types of amenorrhea?
A
- Primary and secondary amenorrhea
13
Q
Q9:
Define primary amenorrhea
A
- Absence of menses by age 16 with normal secondary sexual characteristics
-No menarche > 3 years following thelarche
or
-Absence of menses by age 14 without secondary sexual development
14
Q
Q9:
What are some common causes of primary amenorrhea?
A
- Chromosome abnormalities
- Hypothalamic disorders
- Pituitary disease
- Lack of reproductive organs
- Structural abnormalities of the vagina, vulva
15
Q
Q9:
Define secondary amenorrhea
A
PRIOR MENSES have existed
- more common than primary.
- Lack of menses for greater than or equal to 3 months in a previously menstruating female in the absence of :
- Pregnancy
- Lactation
- Cyclic suppression by contraceptives
- Menopause
