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Medical Terminology > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of skin

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2
Q

keratin

A

Horny, cornified, layer composed of protein
Contained in hair, skin, nails
Gives skin waterproof quality, keeping moisture both in and out

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3
Q

melanin

A

color, pigmentation of the skin

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4
Q

dermis

A

inner layer of skin (true skin)

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5
Q

sudoriferous (sweat) glands

A

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skins surface & secrete sweat

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6
Q

sebaceous glands

A

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

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7
Q

hair

A

compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers

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8
Q

nails

A

Originate in the epidermis
Found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes
White area at the base is lunula, moon

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9
Q

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

A

skin

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10
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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11
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue, hard

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12
Q

onych/o, unug/o

A

nail

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13
Q

seb/o

A

sebum (oil)

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14
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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15
Q

aut/o

A

self

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16
Q

heter/o

A

other

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17
Q

bi/o

A

life

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18
Q

necr/o

A

death (cells, body)

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19
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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20
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

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21
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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22
Q

pachy/o

A

thick

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23
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkles

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24
Q

staphyl/o

A

grapelike clusters

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25
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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26
Q

epi-

A

on, upon, over

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27
Q

intra-

A

within

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28
Q

para-

A

beside, beyond, around, abnormal

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29
Q

per-

A

through

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30
Q

sub-

A

under, below

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31
Q

trans-

A

through, across, beyond

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32
Q

-a

A

*helps with flow

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33
Q

-coccus (pl. cocci)

A

berry shaped (form of bacterium)

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34
Q

-ectomy

A

excision or surgical removal

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35
Q

-ia

A

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

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36
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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37
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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38
Q

-opsy

A

view of, viewing

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39
Q

-phagia

A

eating or swallowing

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40
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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41
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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42
Q

-tome

A

instrument used to cut

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43
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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44
Q

dermatoconiosis

A

abnormal condition of the skin caused by dust

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45
Q

dermatofibroma

A

fibrous tumor of the skin

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46
Q

hidradenitis

A

inflammation of a sweat gland, heat rash

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47
Q

leiodermia

A

condition of smooth skin

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48
Q

leukoderma

A

white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)

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49
Q

onychocryptosis

A

abnormal condition of a hidden nail (ingrown nail)

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50
Q

onychomalacia

A

softening of the nails

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51
Q

onychomycosis

A

abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails

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52
Q

onychophagia

A

eating the nails (nail biting)

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53
Q

pachyderma

A

thickening of the skin

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54
Q

paronychia

A

diseased state around the nail

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55
Q

seborrhea

A

discharge of sebum (excessive)

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56
Q

trichomycosis

A

abnormal condition of a fungus in the hair

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57
Q

xeroderma

A

dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)

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58
Q

abrasion

A

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

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59
Q

abscess

A

localized collection of pus

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60
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

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61
Q

actinic keratosis

A

A precancerous skin condition of horny tissue that results fro excessive exposure to sunlight
May evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma

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62
Q

albinism

A

congenital heredity condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, eyes

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63
Q

basal call carcinoma (BCC)

A

Epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis
Seldom metastasizes but invades local tissue
Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure

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64
Q

candidiasis

A

An infection of the skin, mouth, vagina caused by the yeast type fungus (candida albicans)
Candida normally present in the mucous membranes, overgrowth causes an infection
Esophageal candidiasis often seen with AIDS

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65
Q

carbuncle

A

skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria

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66
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, leading to redness, swelling, fever

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67
Q

contusion

A

injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, discoloration

68
Q

eczema

A

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, itching

69
Q

fissure

A

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

70
Q

furuncle

A

painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (boil)

71
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (form of necrosis)

72
Q

herpes

A

Inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters
Many types exist
Herpes simplex: causes fever blisters
Herpes zoster: (shingles) characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus

73
Q

impetigo

A

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococcal or streptococci

74
Q

infection

A

The invasion of pathogens in the body tissue
May remain localized if the bodys defense mechanisms are effective
If infection persists, it may become acute, subacute, chronic
Systemic infection occurs when pathogen causing a local infection gains access to vascular or lymphatic system and becomes disseminated throughout the body

75
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

a cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs, seen with AIDS

76
Q

laceration

A

torn, ragged-edged wound

77
Q

lesion

A

Any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease
Includes: sores, wounds, ulcers, tumors

78
Q

MRSA infection

A

Invasion of body tissue by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to penicillin and antibiotics
Can produce skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia, which can be fatal if not treated
Common in hospitals and long term facilities but is emerging as an important infection in the general population

79
Q

pediculosis

A

invasion into the skin and hair lice

80
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

81
Q

rosacea

A

chronic disorder of the skin that protrudes erythema, papules, pustules, broken blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 (acne rosacea)

82
Q

scabies

A

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs, accompanied by severe itching

83
Q

scleroderma

A

a disease characterized by chronic hardening of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs

84
Q

squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA)

A

A malignant growth that develops from scalelike epithelial tissue, significant potential for metastasis
Most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight

85
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

a chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations

86
Q

tinea

A

Fungal infection of the skin, may infect keratin of the skin, hair, nails
Infections are classified by body regions
Tinea (ringworm)
Tinea pedis (athletes foot)

87
Q

urticaria

A

an itching skin eruption composed of wheels of varying sizes and shapes, usually resolves in a sort period of time, causes include internal disease, physical stimuli, genetic disorders (hives)

88
Q

vitiligo

A

white patches on he skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes associated with autoimmune disorders

89
Q

biopsy

A

view of life (the removal of living tissue from the body to be viewed under microscope

90
Q

dermatoautoplasty

A

surgical repair using ones own skin (autograft)

91
Q

drematoheteroplasty

A

surgical repair using skin from others (allograft)

92
Q

dermatome

A

instrument used to cut skin (in thin slices/skin grafts)

93
Q

dermatoplasty

A

surgical repair of the skin

94
Q

onychectomy

A

excision of a nail

95
Q

rhytidectomy

A

excision of wrinkles (facelift)

96
Q

rhytidoplasty

A

surgical repair of wrinkles

97
Q

cauterization

A

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, elastic current, caustic substance (cautery)

98
Q

cryosurgery

A

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often using liquid nitrogen

99
Q

debridement

A

removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound

100
Q

dermabrasion

A

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material

101
Q

excision

A

removal by cutting

102
Q

incision

A

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument

103
Q

incision & drainage (I&D)

A

surgical cut made to allow the free flow of withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, cavity

104
Q

laser surgery

A

procedure using an instrument that emits a high powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, destroy tissue

105
Q

mohs surgery

A

technique od microscopically controlled serial excisions of skin cancers

106
Q

suturing

A

to stitch edges of a wound surgically

107
Q

dermatologist

A

a physician who studies and treats skin diseases

108
Q

dermatology (derm)

A

study of skin (diagnosis and treatment of diseases)

109
Q

epidermal

A

pertaining to upon the skin

110
Q

erythroderma

A

red skin

111
Q

hypodermic

A

pertaining to under the skin

112
Q

intradermal (ID)

A

pertaining to within the skin

113
Q

keratogenic

A

originating in horny tissue

114
Q

necrosis

A

abnormal condition of death

115
Q

percutaneous

A

pertaining to through the skin

116
Q

staphylococcus (pl. staphylococci, staph)

A

berry shaped bacterium in grapelike clusters, may cause skin disease

117
Q

streptococcus (pl. streptococci, strep)

A

berry shaped bacterium in twisted chains

118
Q

subcutaneous (subcut)

A

pertaining to under the skin

119
Q

transdermal (TD)

A

pertaining to through the skin

120
Q

ungual

A

pertaining to the nail

121
Q

xanthoderma

A

yellow skin (jaundice)

122
Q

alopecia

A

loss of hair

123
Q

bacteria (s. bacterium)

A

single celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue

124
Q

cicatrix

A

scar

125
Q

cyst

A

a closed sac containing fluid, semisolid material

126
Q

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

a herpes type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised

127
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

128
Q

ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)

A

escape of blood into the skin, causing a small, flat, purple, blue discoloration

129
Q

edema

A

puffy, swelling of the tissue from the accumulation of fluid

130
Q

erythema

A

redness

131
Q

fungus (pl. fungi)

A

organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue

132
Q

induration

A

abnormal hard spots

133
Q

jaundice

A

condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin (xanthoderma)

134
Q

keloid

A

overgrowth of scar tissue

135
Q

leukoplakia

A

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, may be precancerous

136
Q

macule

A

flat, colored spot on the skin (freckle)

137
Q

nevus (pl. nevi)

A

Circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, flesh colored
Present at birth (birthmark, mole)

138
Q

nodule

A

small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch (lipoma)

139
Q

pallor

A

paleness

140
Q

papule

A

small, solid skin elevation (skin tag)

141
Q

petechial (pl. petechiae)

A

pinpoint skin hemorrhage

142
Q

pressure ulcer (decub)

A

erosion of the skin caused by prolonged pressure, occurs in bedridden patients (decubitus ulcer, bed sore)

143
Q

pruritus

A

severe itching

144
Q

purpura

A

small hemorrhages in the skin, giving a purple-red discoloration, associated with blood disorders

145
Q

pustule

A

elevation of skin containing pus

146
Q

ulcer

A

erosion of the skin or mucous membrane

147
Q

wheal

A

transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area (individual hive)

148
Q

vesicle

A

small elevation of epidermis containing fluid (shingles, blister)

149
Q

verruca

A

circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus

150
Q

virus

A

minute microorganism, smaller than bacterium, characterized by lack of independent metabolism and the ability to replicate only within a living host cell, may cause infection by invading body tissue

151
Q

BBC

A

basal cell carcinoma

152
Q

bx

A

biopsy

153
Q

CMV

A

cytomegalovirus

154
Q

CA-MRSA

A

community-associated MRSA infection

155
Q

decub

A

pressure ulcer

156
Q

derm

A

dermatology

157
Q

HA-MRSA

A

healthcare-associated MRSA infection

158
Q

I&D

A

incision & drainage

159
Q

ID

A

intradermal

160
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

161
Q

SLE

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

162
Q

SqCCA

A

squamous cell carcinoma

163
Q

staph

A

staphylococcus

164
Q

strep

A

streptococcus

165
Q

subcut

A

subcutaneous

166
Q

TD

A

transdermal

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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