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Medical Terminology > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

nasal septum

A

partition separating the right and left nasal cavities

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1
Q

nose

A

lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs

acts as a filter to moisten and warm entering air

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2
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

air cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities

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3
Q

pharynx

A

food and air passageway

throat

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4
Q

adenoids

A

lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal cavity

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5
Q

tonsils

A

lymphoid tissue located behind the mouth

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6
Q

larynx

A

location of vocal cords
air enters
(voice box)

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7
Q

epiglottis

A

flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of and keeps food from entering the larynx during swallowing

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8
Q

trachea

A

passage way for air to bronchi

windpipe

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9
Q

bronchus (pl. bronchi)

A

branch of trachea that conducts air into the lungs, where it divides
(bronchial tree)

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10
Q

bronchioles

A

smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree

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11
Q

alveolus (pl. alveoli)

A

air sacs at end of bronchioles

O2 &CO2 exchange through alveolar walls and capillaries

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12
Q

lungs

A

two spongelike organs in thoracic cavity
right- 3 lobes
left- 2 lobes

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13
Q

pleura

A

double-folded serous membrane covering each lung and thoracic cavity
pleural cavity- small space between, contains serous fluid

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14
Q

diaphragm

A

muscular partition that separates the thoracic & abdominal cavities
aids in breathing process: contract- pull in air, relax- push air out

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15
Q

mediastinum

A

space between the lungs

contains heart, esophagus, trachea, great blood vessels

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16
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

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17
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus

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18
Q

bronchi/o, bronch/o

A

bronchus

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19
Q

diaphragmat/o, phren/o

A

diaphragm

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20
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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21
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

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22
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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23
Q

nas/o, rhin/o

A

nose

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24
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

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25
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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26
Q

pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o

A

lung, air

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27
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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28
Q

sept/o

A

septum (wall off, fence)

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29
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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30
Q

thorac/o

A

thorax (chest)

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31
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsil

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32
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

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33
Q

atel/o

A

imperfect, incomplete

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34
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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35
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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36
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

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37
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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38
Q

ox/i, ox/o

A

oxygen

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39
Q

phon/o

A

sound, voice

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40
Q

py/o

A

pus

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41
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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42
Q

spir/o

A

breath, breathing

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43
Q

a-, an-

A

absence of, without

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44
Q

endo-

A

within

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45
Q

eu-

A

normal, good

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46
Q

pan-

A

all, total

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47
Q

poly-

A

many, much

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48
Q

tachy-

A

fast, rapid

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49
Q

-algia

A

pain

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50
Q

-ar, -ary, -eal

A

pertaining to

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51
Q

-cele

A

hernia, protrusion

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52
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

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53
Q

-ectasis

A

stretching out, dilation, expansion

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54
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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55
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, radiographic imaging

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56
Q

-meter

A

measurement

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57
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation, suspension

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58
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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59
Q

-rrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood

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60
Q

-scope

A

instrument used for visual examination

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61
Q

-scopic

A

pertaining to visual examination

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62
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

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63
Q

-spasm

A

sudden, involuntary muscle contraction

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64
Q

-stenosis

A

constriction, narrowing

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65
Q

-stomy

A

creation of an artificial opening

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66
Q

-thorax

A

chest

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67
Q

-tomy

A

cut into, incision

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68
Q

adenoidtis

A

inflammation of adenoids

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69
Q

alveolitis

A

inflammation of alveolus

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70
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion (of the lungs)

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72
Q

bronchiectasis

A

dilation of bronchi

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73
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

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74
Q

bronchogenic carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus

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75
Q

bronchopneumonia

A

diseased state of the bronchi and lungs (caused by infection

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76
Q

diaphragmatocele

A

hernia of the diaphragm

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77
Q

epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis

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78
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the chest (pleural space)

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79
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

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80
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

inflammation of larynx, trachea, bronchi (croup)

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81
Q

lobar pneumonia

A

pertaining to the lobe, diseased state of the lung (infection of one or more lobes of the lung)

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82
Q

nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and pharynx

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83
Q

pansinusitis

A

inflammation of all sinuses

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84
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

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85
Q

pleuritis

A

inflammation of the pleura (pleurisy)

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86
Q

pneumatocele

A

hernia of the lung (lung tissue protrudes through an opening in the chest)

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87
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

abnormal condition of dust in the lungs

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88
Q

pneumonia

A

diseased state of the lung (infection & inflammation caused by bacteria

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89
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of the lung

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90
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the chest, which causes collapse of the lung (result of open chest wound)

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91
Q

pulmonary neoplasm

A

pertaining to the lung, new growth (tumor)

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92
Q

pyothorax

A

pus in the chest (empyema)

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93
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the (mucous membrane) nose

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94
Q

rhinomycosis

A

abnormal condition of fungus in the nose

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95
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood from the nose (epistaxis)

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96
Q

thoracalgia

A

pain in the chest

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97
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

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98
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

99
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

100
Q

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

A

respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury

101
Q

asthma

A

respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath
caused by constriction of airways

102
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

progressive lung disease that restricts air flow, which makes breathing difficult

103
Q

coccidioidmycosis

A

fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body (valley fever)

104
Q

cor pulmonale

A

serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders

105
Q

croup

A

condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness, stridor

106
Q

cystic fibrosis (CF)

A

hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency

107
Q

deviated septum

A

one part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum

108
Q

emphysema

A

stretching of lung tissue caused by alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity

109
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed (rhinorrhagia)

110
Q

influenza

A

highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus (flu)

111
Q

legionnaire disease

A

a lobar pneumonia caused by acteria

112
Q

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing

113
Q

pertussis

A

highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowning inspiration (whooping cough)

114
Q

pleural effusion

A

fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma

115
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles

116
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

matter foreign to circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and veins, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal.

117
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, spread by inhalation of small particles usually affecting the lungs

118
Q

upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx (cold)

119
Q

adenoidectomy

A

excision of the adenoids

120
Q

adenotome

A

surgical instrument used to cut the adenoids

121
Q

bronchoplasty

A

surgical repair of a bronchus

122
Q

laryngectomy

A

excision of the larynx

123
Q

laryngoplasty

A

surgical repair of the larynx

124
Q

laryngostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening into the larynx

125
Q

laryngotracheotomy

A

incision of the larynx and trachea

126
Q

lobectomy

A

excision of a lobe (of the lung)

127
Q

pleuropexy

A

surgical fixation of the pleura

128
Q

pneumobronchotomy

A

incision of lung and bronchus

129
Q

pneumonectomy

A

excision of a lung

130
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nose

131
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nasal septum

132
Q

septotomy

A

incision into the nasal septum

133
Q

sinusotomy

A

incision of a sinus

134
Q

thoracocentesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity (thoracentesis)

135
Q

thoracotomy

A

incision into the chest cavity

136
Q

tonsillectomy

A

excision of the tonsils

137
Q

tracheoplasty

A

surgical repair of the trachea

138
Q

tracheostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening into the trachea

139
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision of the trachea

140
Q

bronchoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi

141
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi

142
Q

endoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination within a hollow organ or body cavity

143
Q

endoscopic

A

pertaining to visual examination within a hollow organ or body cavity

144
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination within a hollow organ or body cavity

145
Q

laryngoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the larynx

146
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of the larynx

147
Q

thoracoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the thorax

148
Q

thoracosscopy

A

visual examination of the thorax

149
Q

capnometer

A

instrument used to measure carbon dioxide (levels in expired gas)

150
Q

oximeter

A

instrument used to measure oxygen (saturation in the blood)

151
Q

spirometer

A

instrument used to measure breathing (or lung volumes)

152
Q

polysomnography (PSG)

A

process of recording many tests during sleep

performed to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea

153
Q

radiography

A

produces images of internal organs by using ionizing radiation

154
Q

nuclear medicine

A

produces scans by using radioactive material

155
Q

ultrasonography

A

produces scans by using high-frequency sound waves

156
Q

computed tomography

A

produces scans of computerized images of body organs in sectional slices

157
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

produces scans that give information about the bodys anatomy by placing the patient on a magnetic field

158
Q

chest computed tomography (CT) scan

A

computerized images of the chest created in sections sliced from front to back
performed to diagnose tumors, abscesses, pleural effusion

159
Q

chest radiograph (CXR)

A

radiographic image of the chest performed to evaluate the lungs and the heart (chest x-ray)

160
Q

ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS)

A

a nuclear medicine procedure performed to diagnose a pulmonary embolism and other disorders (lung scan)

161
Q

acid-fast bacilli (SFB) smear

A

a test performed on septum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which cause tuberculosis

162
Q

arterial blood gases (ABGs)

A

a test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, other gases present

163
Q

peak flow meter (PFM)

A

a portable instrument used to measure how fast air can be pushed out of the lung
used to help monitor asthma

164
Q

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

a group of tests performed to measure breathing and used to determine respiratory function

165
Q

pulse oximetry

A

a noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the fingertip

166
Q

auscultation

A

the act of listening for sounds within the body through a stethoscope
used for diagnosing conditions of the lungs, pleura, heart, abdomen

167
Q

percussion

A

the act of tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the part beneath by the sound obtained

168
Q

PPD (purified protein derivative)

A

a test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to tuberculosis (TB skin test)

169
Q

stethoscope

A

in instrument used to hear internal body sounds

170
Q

acapnia

A

condition of absence (less than normal levels) of carbon dioxide (in the blood)

171
Q

alveolar

A

pertaining to the alveolus

172
Q

anoxia

A

condition of absence (deficiency) of oxygen

173
Q

aphonia

A

condition of absence of voice

174
Q

apnea

A

absence of breathing

175
Q

bronchoalveolar

A

pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli

176
Q

bronchospasm

A

spasmodic contraction in the bronchi

177
Q

diaphragmatic

A

pertaining to the diaphragm (phrenic)

178
Q

dysphonia

A

condition of difficult speaking (voice)

179
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

180
Q

endotracheal

A

pertaining to within the trachea

181
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

182
Q

hypercapnia

A

condition of excessive carbon dioxide (in the blood)

183
Q

hypernea

A

excessive breathing

184
Q

hypocapnia

A

condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)

185
Q

hyponea

A

deficient breathing

186
Q

hypoxemia

A

condition of deficient oxygen in the blood

187
Q

hypoxia

A

condition of deficient oxygen (to the tissues)

188
Q

intrapleural

A

pertaining to within the pleura (space between the two pleural membranes)

189
Q

laryngeal

A

pertaining to the larynx

190
Q

laryngospasm

A

spasmodic contraction of the larynx

191
Q

mucoid

A

resembling mucus

192
Q

mucous

A

pertaining to mucus

193
Q

nasopharyngeal

A

pertaining to the nose and pharynx

194
Q

orthopnea

A

able to breathe easier in a straight (upright) position

195
Q

phrenalgia

A

pain in the diaphragm (diaphramalgia)

196
Q

phrenospasm

A

spasm of the diaphragm

197
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

198
Q

pulmonologist

A

a physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung

199
Q

pulmonology

A

study of the lung

200
Q

rhinorrhea

A

discharge from the nose

201
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

202
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the chest

203
Q

airway

A

passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs as well as mechanical device used to keep the air passageway unobstructed

204
Q

asphyxia

A

deprivation of oxygen for tissue use

suffocation

205
Q

aspirate

A

to withdraw fluid or suction fluid

also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract

206
Q

bronchoconstrictor

A

agent causing narrowing of the bronchi

207
Q

bronchodilator

A

agent causing the bronchi to widen

208
Q

cough

A

sudden, noisy expulsion of air from the lungs

209
Q

hiccup

A

sudden catching of breath with a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm

210
Q

hyperventilation

A

ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs

211
Q

hypoventilation

A

ventilation of the lungs that doesn’t fulfill the bodys gas exchange needs

212
Q

mucopurulent

A

containing both mucus and pus

213
Q

mucus

A

slimy fluid secreted by mucus membranes

214
Q

nebulizer

A

device that creates a mist to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment

215
Q

nosocomial infection

A

an infection acquired during hospitalization

216
Q

paroxysm

A

periodic, sudden attack

217
Q

patent

A

open, allowing passage of air

218
Q

sputum

A

mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth

219
Q

ventilator

A

mechanical device used to assist with or substitute for breathing

220
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

221
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacilli

222
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

223
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

224
Q

CO2

A

carbon dioxide

225
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

226
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

227
Q

CXR

A

chest radiograph

228
Q

flu

A

influenza

229
Q

LLL

A

left lower lobe

230
Q

LTB

A

laryngotracheobronchitis

231
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe

232
Q

O2

A

oxygen

233
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

234
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

235
Q

PFM

A

peak flow meter

236
Q

PFTs

A

pulmonary function tests

237
Q

PSG

A

polysomnography

238
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe

239
Q

RML

A

right middle lobe

240
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe

241
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

242
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

243
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

244
Q

VPS

A

ventilation-perfusion scanning

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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