1905 Revolution- Nicholas II Flashcards
(15 cards)
What was one long-term cause of the 1905 Revolution related to Russia’s political system?
The autocratic system gave no public say in decisions
How did economic conditions contribute to the 1905 Revolution?
Extreme peasant poverty and over-dependence on grain-based economy
What military defeat triggered discontent in 1905?
Humiliating loss to Japan where Russia lost 25 of 35 warships in one battle
What was Witte’s impact on peasant conditions before the revolution?
He balanced state finances “on the backs of peasants” through high taxation
What was Bloody Sunday and why was it significant?
When troops shot demonstrating workers in St Petersburg, sparking widespread outrage
How did Nicholas II’s leadership contribute to revolutionary sentiment?
He was widely viewed as a weak and ineffective Tsar
What did the October Manifesto promise?
Civic freedoms, establishment of a state Duma, and legislative powers for the Duma
What key democratic element was missing from the October Manifesto?
It didn’t mention democratic elections
How did Trepov undermine the Manifesto’s promises?
Ordered troops to use live ammunition against protesting workers
What powers did Nicholas II reserve for himself in the Fundamental Laws?
Veto power, emergency decree authority, control over ministers and Duma dissolution
When were the Fundamental Laws issued relative to the Duma’s opening?
Just 5 days before the Duma’s first session
What military powers did the Tsar retain in the Fundamental Laws?
Full command of armed forces and treaty-making authority
How did the 1905 Revolution reflect Russia’s economic problems?
Showed discontent with grain-dependent economy and peasant exploitation
What was the connection between military mutinies and long-term causes?
Mutinies reflected accumulated frustration with autocratic rule and poor conditions
Why was the Duma’s power limited despite the October Manifesto?
Fundamental Laws preserved the Tsar’s absolute authority over governance
