Ch. 20 Flashcards
predation+ ex.
the predator eats all or part of an individual of another species ex.carnivores, herbivores
Competition+ ex.(interspecific)
two or more species use the same limited resource ex. lions and hyenas both prey on zebra
mutualism+ ex.
the two organisms benefit from each other ex. animals that carry pollen and flowers
parasitism+ ex.
one organism is the host and the other, the parasite- doesn’t result in immediate death, parasite feeds on host ex. aphids, lice, leeches
5 types of species interactions
predation, competition, parasitism,
mutualism, commensalism
community stability
tendency of a community to maintain relatively constant conditions
competitive exclusion
one species out cuts another species
character displacement +ex.
evolution of niche differences (reduces niche overlap) ex. lion and cheetah
resource partitioning+ex.
when species only uses a part of the resources available ex.birds hunt for insects in different parts of the tree
commensalism+ ex.
when one species benefits and the other is not affected ex. whale and barnacles, egrets and buffalo
why tropical ecosystems have higher species richness
Stable climate
Not disrupted by ice age
More energy
primary succession+ex.
growth in an area that has not supported life ex. rocks, volcanoes
secondary compounds+ex.
chemicals that protect the plant ex. bad taste, poisonous
secondary succession
growth in an area that has been disturbed(fire,etc.)
lichens
break down rocks and help create soil
