Epinephrine Racemic (microNefrin, Vaponefrin)

Question 1

Epinephrine Racemic

Class

Answer 1

• Sympathomimetic

Question 2

Epinephrine Racemic

Mechanism of action

Answer 2

• Stimulates beta-2 receptors in lungs
• Useful in treating laryngeal edema; inhibits histamine release

Question 3

Epinephrine Racemic

Indications

Answer 3

• Bronchial asthma, prevention of bronchospasm
• Croup, laryngotracheobronchitis
• Laryngeal edema

Question 4

Epinephrine Racemic

Contraindications

Answer 4

• HTN
• Underlying cardiovascular disease
• Epiglottitis

Question 5

Epinephrine Racemic

Adverse reactions

Answer 5

• Tachycardia
• Arrhythmias

Question 6

Epinephrine Racemic

Drug interactions

Answer 6

• MAOIs and bretylium may potentiate effects (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors )
• Beta-blockers may blunt effets

Question 7

Epinephrine Racemic

Dosage and administration

Answer 7

• Adult:
• MDI: 2-3 inhalations, repeated every 5 minutes as necessary
• Solution: dilute 5 mL (1%) in 5.0 mL NS, administer over 15 min
• **Ped: **Aerosolized:
• pt less than 20 kg, dilute 0.25 mL (0.1%) in 2.5 mL NS ;
• pt between 20-40 kg, dilute 0.5 mL in 2.5 mL NS
• pt greater than 40 kg, dilute 0.75 mL in 2.5 mL NS

Question 8

Epinephrine Racemic

Duration of action

Answer 8

• Onset: within 5 min
• Peak effect: 5-15 min
• Duration: 1-3 hrs

Question 9

Epinephrine Racemic

Special considerations

Answer 9

• May cause tachycardia and other arrythmias
• Monitor vital signs
• Excesive use may cause bronchospasm