AP Biology Chapter 10 Quiz

Question 1

Photosynthesis Equation

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

Stages of Photosynthesis and Location

Answer 2

• Light Reactions (Dependent): Thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts
• Convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH
• O2 is released
• Calvin Cycle “Dark Reactions”: Stroma of chloroplasts
• Involves atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of carbon into carbohydrate
• Glucose molecule is released

Question 3

Roles of Pigments

Answer 3

• Substance that absorbs and reflects light
• Chlorophyll: Green
• Chlorophyll a: Blue green
• Chlorophyll b: Yellow-green
• Carotenoids: Red-orange
• Absorption at the higher points of the line
• Reflection at the lower points of the line

Question 4

ATP Cycle

Answer 4

ATP —-> Exergonic (Energy for cellular work) —-> ADP + Pi (+ heat) —-> Endergonic (Energy from cellular respiration)

Question 5

Thylakoid Structure

Answer 5

• Thylakoid: Disk-shaped sacs in the stroma of a chloroplast
• Thylakoid Membrane: Photosynthetic membrane within a chloroplast that contains light gathering pigment molecules and electron transport chains
• Thylakoid Space: A fluid-filled interior space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane
• Granum: Stack of thylakoids; increase surface area to volume ratio

Question 6

Light Reactions: Electron donor and final destination

Answer 6

• Electron Donor: Water in photosystem II
• Splits into O2, protons, and electrons
• Electrons are supplied to the P680
• Oxidation of water
• Final Destination: NADPH
• Electrons end up being captured by the electron carrier NADPH

Question 7

Purpose of Cyclic Electron Flow

Answer 7

• More ATP can be made without NADH
• Calvin Cycle consumes more ATP than NADH
• Cyclic flow occurs if ATP is low
• Electrons are reused rather than flowing from one component of the light reaction to another
• Goes back to photosystem I

Question 8

Light Reaction Diagram

Answer 8

Light —-> Photosystem II (light strikes pigment molecule until it reaches the reaction center) —-> Plastoquinone —->Cytochrome C —-> Plastocyanin —-> Photosystem I (with light) —-> Ferrodoxin —-> NADP+ reductase —-> NADPH H+

• Undergoes oxidation reduction

Question 9

NADP+/NADPH

Answer 9

• Electron acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during light reactions
• A compound that donates one hydrogen aton and two electrons to another molecule, to reform NADP+; it is an electron donor

Question 10

G3P

Answer 10

• Phase 2: Reduction in the Calvin Cycle forms the glucose molecule
• Final glucose produced in photosynthesis
• Three carbon sugar

Question 11

RuBP

Answer 11

• Phase 3: Regeneration of the CO2 Acceptor in the Calvin Cycle
• Regenerates RuBP with some help from ATP

Question 12

Rubisco

Answer 12

Enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin Cycle

Question 13

CAM Adaptation

Answer 13

• Adaption of photosynthesis in arid conditions
• Dehydrated plants in the desert
• Stomata (pores in the plants) let out water
• Want the stomata closed during the day because you do not water the water to vaporize
• Photosynthesis only occurs in the daytime
• But you need CO2
• Subset of C4 plants
• Keep their stomata open during the night letting in CO2
• Produces malate which is stored in other organelles (CO2 storage)
• CO2 is released from the malate and enters the Calvin Cycle