Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Female

Answer 1

Target Organ: Ovary

Physiological Effect: Stimulates the growth of griffin follicles of the ovary and secretion of estradiol

Question 2

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Male

Answer 2

Target Organ: Testes

Physiological Effect: Stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubes and subsequent spermatogenesis

Question 3

Leutinizing hormone (LH)
Female

Answer 3

Target Organ: Corpus luteum
Physiological Effect: Stimulates the production of the corpus lute from the follicle; stimulates production of progesterone by the ovaries

Question 4

Leutinizing hormone (LH)
Male

Answer 4

Target Organ: Interstitial cells of the testes

Physiological Effect: Stimulates production of testosterone

Question 5

Prolactin

Answer 5

Target Organ: Female mammary gland

Physiological Effect: Stimulates milk production after birth

Question 6

Growth hormone (somatotropin)

Answer 6

Target Organ: All body tissues

Physiological Effect: Increases the synthesis of protein and promotes the growth of bone and tissues

Question 7

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 7

Target Organ: Adrenal cortex, skin, liver and mammary gland
Physiological Effect: Stimulates the production of corticosteroids; increases metabolism and glycogen storage in the liver; responsible for darkening of the skin and nails

Question 8

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer 8

Target Organ: Thyroid gland

Physiological Effect: Stimulates the production of the thyroid hormone

Question 9

Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 9

Target Organ: Smooth muscle of the arterioles and the kidney tubules
Physiological Effect: Constricts blood vessels, increases blood pressure; stimulates reabsorption of water by the kidney

Question 10

Oxytocin

Answer 10

Target Organ: Uterus and the mammary gland

Physiological Effect: Stimulates contraction of the uterus; section of milk or “milk letdown” by the mammary glands