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1st Test Flashcards

1
Q

Thorax walls: Paries anterior

A

Sternum, cartilago costalis, membrane instercostales external

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2
Q

Thorax walls: paries posterior

A

Pars thoracica columnae vertebrale, costae, membranae intercostales internae

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3
Q

Thorax walls: paries lateralis

A

Costae, spatia intercostalia

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4
Q

Collum costae prima/undecima/duodecima from posterior to anterior side

A

Sulcus arterie subclaviae
Tuberculum musculini scaleni anterioris
Sulcus venae subclavie

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5
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries anterior (3things)

A

Corpora vertebrarum
Disci intervertebrale
Ligamentum longitudinale posterius

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6
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries posterior (2things)

A

Arcus vertebrarum

Ligamenta flava

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7
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries lateralis (2things)

A

Arcus vertebrarum

Foramina vertebralia

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8
Q

Continuous joints which is divided into three tissues: connective, cartilage and bone

A

Synarthrosis

  • syndesmosis
  • synchondrosis
  • synostosis
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9
Q

Discontinuous joints

A

Diarthrosis

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10
Q

Pään ei liike

A

Articulatio trochoidea:

The ligaments connecting these bones are (in articular capsules)

Art. atlantoaxialis mediana posterior (b. dens and fovea dentis)
Facies articularis posterior in dens axis
Lig. transversum atlantis

Art. atlantooccipitalis (art. trochoidea = pivot)
Facies articularis superior atlas
Condylus occipitalis
–> Membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior (beween os occipitale and arcus anterior atlantis)
–> Membrana atlantooccipitalis posterior (between os occipitale and atlas at the posterior aspect of
canalis vertebralis)

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11
Q

Pään sivuliike ja nyökytys

A

Articulatio ellipsoidea

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12
Q

Transitional joints which has one cartilage tissue ?

A

Hemiarthrosis

Symphysis s. Junctura sacrooccygea:

In articulatio sacrococcygea there are:
Ligamentum sacrococcygeum anterius: From os sacrum to os coccygis.
Extension of ligamentum longitudinale anterius.

Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius: From os sacrum to os coccyges
Profundum: corresponds to ligamentum longitudinale posterius
Superficiale: corresponds to ligamenta flava

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13
Q

Connective tissue includes:

A

Syndesmosis s. Junctura fibrosa

Membrane
Ligamenta
Suturae: serrata squamosa plana

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14
Q

Cartilage tissue example

A

Synchondrosis s. Junctura cartilaginea

  • Disci intervertebrales: Anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus
  • Synchondrosis manubriosternalis
  • Synchondrosis xiphosternalis
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15
Q

Bone tissue example

A

Synostosis s. Junctura oassea:

  • os sacrum
  • os coccyges
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16
Q

Articulatio sacrococcygea ligaments

A

Ligamentum sacrococcygeum anterius/posterius

  • from os sacrum to os coccygis
    Extension of ligamentum longitudinale anterius
  • syvyys Jatkoa ligamentum longitudinale posterius ja pinta ligamenta flava
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17
Q

How do you call the ribs from 8th to 12th

A

Costae spuriae

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18
Q

Selkäranka latinaksi

A

Columna vertebralis

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19
Q

What is the difference between 1st and 6th vertebra cervicalis? And the difference to axis and vertebra cervicalis septima?

A

Atlas has sulcus arterie vertebralis which has tuberculum anterius/posterius

Vertebra cervicalis sexta has sulcus Nervi spinalis which has tuberculum anterius/posterius

Axis and septima don’t have either one

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20
Q

What is the hole in processus transversus called?

A

Foramen transversium

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21
Q

What is between processus transversusses?

A

Foramen intervertebrale

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22
Q

Sternum parts

A 
Ossa suprasternalia
Manubrium sterni: incisura jugularis, incisura costalis, incisura clavicularis
-> angulus sterni 2nd rib
Corpus sterni: incisura costales 3-5ribs
PROCESSUS Xiphoideus
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23
Q

Kallonpohjan artikulaatiot, jotka ei ole pivot movementissa mukana

A

Art. atlantoaxialis lateralis

b. Processus articularis superior axis and Massa lateralis atlantis, facies articularis inferior atlas
- -> Capsula articularis

Art. atlantoaxialis mediana anterior
- b. Facies articularis anterior in dens axis
and Fovea dentis in atlas
–> Capsula articularis

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24
Q

Atlas ja axis ligaments

A

Lig. cruciform atlantis; composed of two ligaments

  1. Lig. transversum atlantis (sideways behind dens axis)
  2. Fasciculi longitudinales (two of these; above and below lig. transversum atlantis)

Ligg. alaria (winged ligaments from apex dentis, beneath Lig. cruciform atlantis)

Lig. apicis dentis (between apex dentis and os occipitale, beneath Lig. cruciform atlantis)

Membrana tectoria (over all the ligaments of art. atlantoaxialis mediana, extension of the lig. lonitudinale
posterius)
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25
Which ligaments start from C7?
Ligamentum supraspinale from processus spinosus vertebrae cervicalis septima to os sacrum Ligamenta interspinalia between processus spinosus from vertebrae cervicalis septima till os coccyx
26
Which ligaments does pars thoracica columnae vertebralis have?
Ligamenta longa: - Lig. Longitudinale anterius: from arcus anterior C1 to facies pelvica ossis sacri - lig. longitudinale posterius: from corpus vertebra axis with membrana tectoria to os sacrum - Ligamentum supraspinale: from processus spinosus C7 to os sacrum MEMBRANA tectoria Ligamenta flava: connect the laminae of adjacent vertebra from C2 along columna vertebralis Ligamenta intertransveria: between processus transversus so from t1 till os sacrum Ligamenta interspinalia: between two processus spinosus
27
Say all the short ligaments?
Ligamenta brevia: Ligamenta flava from C2 till os sacrum Ligamenta intertransversia: from vertebrae thoracica prima till os sacrum Ligamenta interspinalia: from C7 till os coccyx
28
Say all the long ligaments?
Lig. Longitudinale anterius from c1 arcus to facies pelvina ossis sacri Posterius: from C2 corpus till os sacrum Lig. Supraspinale: from C7 till os coccyx Lig. Nuchae from os occipitale to processus spinosus septima
29
Which two ligaments are extensions of long ligaments?
Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius n´ anterius
30
Which articulatio has capsule articularis?
Art. Atlantooccipitalis (condylus occipitalis & facies articularis superior atlas) Art. Atlantoaxialis mediana anterius (fovea dentis & facies articularis anterior in dens axis) & lateralis (massa lateralis Atlantis: facies articularis inferior atlas & facies articularis superior axis) Art. Capitis costae (b. Facies articularis capitis costae & FOVEA COSTALIS SUPERIOR & INFERIOR)
31
Rintalastan nivelpinnat ja ligamentit (thorax anterior)
``` Articulationes sternocostales (incisura costalis 1-7 cartilago costalis 1-7 directly connected to sternum) ``` --> Ligamenta sternocostalia radiata: covers sternum anterior and posterior side -> sisällä: ligamentum sternocostale intraarticulare
32
Kylkiluiden väliset artikulaatiot ja membranet
Articulationes costochondrales Membrana intercostales externae: between the adjacent cartilages anteriorly: sits b. Sternal end of ribs And costal cartilages extends to sternum. Membrana intercostales internae: posteriorly between the vertebral ends of the ribs And extends to the vertebral column Spatia intercostalia (space between ribs)
33
angel between the lower borders of cartilago costales as they approach corpus sterni
Angulus infrasternalis
34
A big groove/depression of the corpus vetebralis on the posterior side of the lung
Sulcus pulmonialis
35
Chamber where the lungs are
Cavum thoracis
36
Apertura thoraxis superior
Posterior: Corpus vertebrae thoracic T1 Lateral: Margo internus costae prima Anterior: Cartilago costae prima, incisura jugularis manubrium sterni
37
Apertura thoraxis inferior
Posterior: Corpus vertebrae thoracic T12 Lateral: Margo internus costae XI and XII Anterior: Cartilago costales VII – X, symphysis xiphosternalis (art. between proc. xiphoideus and corpus sterni)
38
Thorax posterior articulatio and ligaments (in total 5)
Art. Costotransversia: b. Facies articularis tuberculi costae fovea costalis processus transversalis -> ligamentum costotransversium laterale & superius Art. Capitis costae: b. Facies articularis capitis costae and fovea costalis superior/inferior -> ligamenta capitis costae radiatum
39
How do you recognize vertebralis cervicalis 3-6 from other vertebralis?
It has divided processus spinosus
40
How do you recognize which way is superior and inferior?! (For example in atlas)
The facies articularis superior is rough and inferior is flat
41
1st rib connection
Synchondrosis (continous: cartilage = rusto) connection costae prima
42
2nd- 7th rib connection?
Diarthrosis: | Articulatio sternocostales
43
Sternum parts
1. Manubrium sterni 2. Incisura jugularis 3. Incisura clavicularis 4. Incisura costalis 5. Corpus sterni 6. Incisurae costales 7. Processus xiphoideus 8. Synchondrosis manubriosternalis 9. Synchondrosis xiphosternalis 10. Angulus sterni
44
Columna vertebralis
Pars cervicalis columnae vertebralis - Lordosis cervicalis - 7 vertebrae cervicales Pars thoracica columnae vertebralis - Kyphosis thoracica - 12 vertebrae thoracicae Pars lumbalis columnae vertebralis - Lordosis lumbalis - 5 vertebrae lumbales Pars sacralis (os sacrum) columnae vertebralis - Kyphosis sacralis - 5 vertebrae sacrales ``` Pars coccygea (os coccygis) columnae vertebralis - 3 – 5 vertebrae coccygeae ```
45
Vertebra cervicalis prima s. atlas
1. Massa lateralis 2. Fovea (Facies) articularis superior 3. Facies articularis inferior 4. Arcus anterior 5. Fovea dentis 6. Arcus posterior 7. Sulcus arteriae vertebralis 8. Tuberculum anterius 9. Tuberculum posterius Foramen processus transversi/transversarium Foramen vertebrale
46
Vertebra cervicalis secunda s. axis
1. Dens 2. Apex dentis 3. Facies articularis anterior dentis 4. Facies articularis posterior dentis (Corpus, facies/processus articularis inferior, processus spinosus, foramen transversarium.)
47
Vertebra cervicalis sexta = C6
``` Corpus vertebrae Facies articularis inferior/superior processus articularis inferior Processus spinosus Processus articularis superior Processus transverses Foramen transversarium Tuberculum posterius/anterius Incisura vertebrais superior/inferior Arcus vertebrae sulcus nervi spinalis ```
48
How do you recognise? Vertebra cervicalis septima s. vertebra prominens = C7
The processus spinosus is not like fork and it's bigger. ``` Processus articularis superior/inferior Processus spinosus Processus transversus Incisura vertebralis superior/inferior Corpus vertebrae ```
49
Vertebra thoracica
1. Corpus vertebrae 2. Arcus vertebrae 3. Foramen vertebrale 4. Canalis vertebralis 5. Incisura vertebralis superior 6. Incisura vertebralis inferior 7. Foramen intervertebrale 8. Processus articularis superior 9. Facies articularis superior 10. Processus articularis inferior 11. Facies articularis inferior 12. Processus transversus 13. Processus spinosus 14. Fovea costalis superior 15. Fovea costalis inferior 16. Fovea costalis processus transversalis
50
thoracica prima, how do you recognise?
Fovea costalis superior FULL inferior HALF -"- processus transversi YES
51
thoracica 2-9, how do you recognise?
Fovea costalis superior HALF inferior HALF -"- processus transversi YES
52
thoracica decima, how do you recognise?
Fovea costalis superior HALF inferior NO -"- processus transversi YES
53
thoracica undecima, how do you recognise? and from duodecima?
Fovea costalis superior FULL inferior NO -"- processus transversi NO Processus articularis inferior lies FRONTALLY
54
thoracica duodecima, how do you recognise? and from undecima?
Fovea costalis superior FULL inferior NO -"- processus transversi NO It also looks a little bit different.. Compared to undecima Processus articularis inferior lies SAGITALLY (also processus mammilaris, processus accessorius
55
How do you recognise Vertebra Lumbalis?
- No fovea costalis - Heavy processus transversus and processus spinosus - Big corpus - Medially facing facies articularis superior
56
Os sacrum
1. Basis ossis sacri 2. Apex ossis sacri 3. Facies pelvina 4. Foramina sacralia antriora 5. Lineae transversae 6. Promontorium 7. Facies dorsalis 8. Processus articularis superior 9. Crista sacralis mediana 10. Foramina sacralia posteriora 11. Cornu sacrale 12. Pars lateralis 13. Facies auricularis 14. Tuberositas sacralis 15. Canalis sacralis 16. Hiatus sacralis 17. Crista sacralis medialis 18. Crista sacralis lateralis
57
Os coccygis
19. Cornu coccygeum | 20. Vertebrae coccygeae
58
Costae: how is it divided and how do you name 1, 11 and 12?
Costae vera = 1. – 7. Costae spuriae = 8. – 12. Costa prima = 1. Costa undecimal = 11. Costa duodecima = 12.
59
Costa 2. – 10. parts
1. Caput costae 2. Facies articularis capitis costae 3. Crista capitis costae 4. Collum costae 5. Tuberculum costae 6. Facies articularis tuberculi costae 7. Corpus costae 8. Margo superior 9. Margo inferior 10. Facies externa 11. Facies interna 12. Sulcus costae 13. Angulus costae
60
Costa 1., 11., 12. parts
1. Facies superior 2. Tuberculum m. scaleni anterioris 3. Sulcus venae subclaviae 4. Sulcus arteriae subclaviae 5. Facies inferior 6. Margo externus 7. Margo internus
61
Art. costotransversaria
Facies articularis tuberculi costae Fovea costalis processus transversalis - Lig. costotransversarium laterale et superius
62
Art. capitis costae
``` Facies articularis capitis costae Fovea costalis superior Fovea costalis inferior - Lig. capitis costae radiatum --> Capsula articularis strength facies articularis superior and inferior ``` b. 2-7 rib

Anatomy (21 decks)

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