Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > 4th Colloquim - muscle > Flashcards

4th Colloquim - muscle Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The main chest muscle

A

Musculus pectoralis major
- Pars clavicularis: O. Extremitas sternalis claviculae
- pars sternocostalis: o. Facies anterior sterni, cartilagines costarum 2-7
- pars abdominalis: o. Lamina anterior vaginae musculi recti abdominis

I. Crista tuberculi Majoris
F. Adductio brachii
Rotatio interna brachii
Flexio brachii - pars clavicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The smaller chest muscle

A

Musculi pectoralis minor

O. Facies externa costarum 3-5
I. Processus coracoideus scapulae
F. Moves scapula downwards and medially

In case of hyperventilation breathing elevates ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In case of hyperventilation —> which muscle works in the chest?

A

Musculus pectoralis minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The smallest muscle in the chest

A

Musculus subclavius

O. Facies superior costae prima
I. Facies inferior claviculae
F. Elevatio costae prima and depression clavicula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What goes under the scapulae?

A

Musculus serratus anterior

O. Facies externae costarum 1-9
I. Margo medialis angulus inferior scapulae
F. Rotatio scapulae et elevation brachii

Fix scapula to thoracic wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which can fix scapula to thoracic wall?

A

Musculus serratus anterior and Musculus rhomboideus minor & major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Superficial muscles of thoracica?

A

musculi superficialis thoracis
- Musculus pectoralis major
- Musculus pectoralis minor
- Musculus subclavius
- Musculus serratus anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the deep muscles of thoracica?

A

Musculi profundi thoracis

  • musculi intercostales externi
  • musculi intercostales interni
  • musculi subcostales
  • musculi levatores costarum
  • musculus transversus thoracis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscle is in the posterior wall of abdomen?

A
  • Musculus quadratus lumborum

O. Crista iliaca
I. Costa duodecima (12)
F. Extensio trunci, Lateroflexio trunci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What muscles are in the lateral wall of abdomen?

A

Musculus obliquus externus abdominis

Musculus obliquus internus abdominis

Musculus transversus abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What muscles are on the anterior wall of abdomen?

A

Musculus rectus abdominis

Musculus pyramidalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the fascists abdominis? And structures between.

A

Fascia superficialis abdominis / Fascia scarpi

Fascia propria abdominis / Fascia investines
- lamina superficialis,

—> m. Obliquus externus abdominis

-(inter)media,

—> m. Obliquus internus abdominis

-profunda

—> m. Transversus abdominis

Fascia transversalis

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the vagina in abdomen?

A

Vagina musculi recti abdominis

  • lamina anterior:
    —> above umbilicus
    ~ aponeurosis m. Oblique externi and interni abdominis

—> below umbilicus
~ aponeurosis m. Oblique externi/interni abdominis & aponeurosis m. Transversi abdominis

  • lamina posterior:
    —> above umbilicus
    ~ aponeurosis m. Oblique interni abdominis, aponeurosis m. Transversi abdominis

—> below umbilicus
~ fascia transversalis & peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What fulfills the vertebra column and cartilagines costarum? Which direction are the fibers?

A

Musculi intercostales externi

O. Margo inferior of upper costae
I. Margo superior of lower costae
F. Elevatio costarum, inspiration

Fibers forward and medially = fingers when you put hands in your pocket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What muscle is in the intercostales space? Which direction are the fibers?

A

Musculi intercostales interni

  • from sternum till angulus costarum

O. Margo superior of lower costae
I. Margo inferior of upper costae
F. Move ribs laterally and downwards, expiration

Fibers upwards and medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What intercostale space muscle jumps over one rib?

A

Musculi subcostales

O. Margo superior of lower costae
I. Margo inferior of upper costae, jump over one rib
F. Move ribs laterally and downwards, expiration (uloshengitys)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What deep thoracic muscle is only on the posterior side?

A

Musculi levatores costarum

O. Pt. C7 and T1-11

I. Facies externa costarum

F. Elevatio costales, inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscle lies on top of membrana intercostales externa?

A

Musculus transversus thoracis

O. Facies posterior processus xiphoidei et corporis sterni
I. Internal surface of costarum 2-6
F. Move arcus costalis together, expiration muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the abdomen side muscles that go downwards?

A

Musculus obliquus externus abdominis

O. External costarum 5-12

I. Labium externum of crista iliaca, ligamentum inguinale, linea alba, vagina m. Recti abdominis

F. Bilaterally: flexio trunci
Unilaterally: lateroflexio, torsio trunci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the abdomen side muscles that goes upward?

A

Musculus obliquus internus abdominis

O. Fascia thoracolumbalis
Crista iliaca
Ligamentum inguinale

I. Margo inferior costarum 10-12
Linea alba
Vagina m. Recti abdominis

F. Bilaterally: flexio trunci
Unilaterally: lateroflexio trunci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the muscle that goes horizontally on the side of abdomen?

A

Musculus transversus abdominis

O. Ligamentum inguinale
Crista iliaca
Fascia thoracolumbalis
Costarum 7-12

I. Above linea arcuata: posterior lamina
Below linea arcuata: Anterior lamina

F. Abdominal press: expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the abdomen muscles (sixpack)?

A

Musculus rectus abdominis

O. Processus xiphoideus
Cartilagines costarum 5-7

I. Ramus superior os pubis

F. Flexio trunci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the small muscles under six pack?

A

Musculus pyramidalis

O. Ramus superior os pubis
I. Linea alba
F. Stretches linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the superficial muscles on the posterior side of the upper body?

A

Musculi superficiales dorsi

Musculus trapezius
Musculus Latisiimus dorsi
Musculus rhomboideus minor & major
Musculus levator scapulae
Musculus serratus posterior superior & inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the deep muscles of dorsi?
Musculi profundi dorsi Musculi occipitovertebrales (4) Musculi breves (3) Musculi longi (9)
26
What does origo mean?
Proximal attachment, point that does not lead to movement of bone
27
What does insertion mean?
Distal attachment, point that moves a bone
28
What does F. Mean?
Functio= what the muscle does
29
Muscle on top of scapula
Musculus trapezius O. Protuberantia occipitalis externa Linea nucheae superior Ligamentum nuchae ps. T (Processus spinosi vertebrae thoracic) I. Spina scapulae Acromion Extremitas acromialis claviculae F. The upper part = pars descendes: elevates the scapula The middle part = pars transversa: move scapula and clavicle backwards medially towards the vertebral column The lower part = pars ascendes: depresses the scapula
30
Upper part in Latin? Middle and lower
Pars descendes/transversa/ascendes
31
Superficial big lower back muscle
Musculus latisiimus dorsi O. Crista iliaca Fascia thoracolumbalis ps. T7-12 Facies externae costarum 9-12 I. Crista tuberculi minoris humeri F. Adduction/extension/rotation interna brachii
32
The two superficial muscles that lie underneath Musculus trapezius (smaller and bigger)
Musculus rhomboideus minor O. Ps. C6-7 I. Margo medialis scapulae F. Fix the scapula to the thorax and pull it towards the spine Musculus rhomboideus major O. Ps. T1-4 I. Margo medialis scapulae F. Fix the scapula to the thorax and pull it towards to the spine
33
Suorat niskalihakset?
Musculus levator scapulae O. Tuberculum posterius Pt. C1-4 I. Angulus superior scapulae F. Elevatio of scapula
34
The two superficial muscles in the back that upper one lies underneath Musculus trapezius and the lower one underneath Musculus latisiimus dorsi
Musculus serratus posterior superior O. ps. C6-7, T1-2 I. Facies externae costarum (2-5) F. Elevatio costarum Musculus serratus posterior inferior O. ps. T11-12, L1-2 I. Facies externae costarum (9-12) F. Depressio costarum
35
The muscles in the back of the head?
Musculi occipitovertebrales - Musculus rectus capitis posterior minor o. Atlas I. Linea nuchae inferior - Musculus rectus capitis posterior major: o. Processus spinosus axis, I. Linea nuchea inferior - Musculus obliquus capitis inferior: o. Processus spinosus axis, i. Processus transversus Atlantis - Musculus obliquus capitis superior: o. Processus transversus atlantis, I. Linea nuchae inferior F. FOR ALL: extensio capitis, lateroflexio capitis
36
What three systems does musculi breves have in the back?
1. System intertransversale - musculi intertransversarii: b. Two processus transversus: F. Unilateral: lateroflexion, bilateraalisia: extension 2. Systema interspinale - musculi interspinales: b. Two Processus spinosus F. Segmental extension 3. Systema transversospinale - musculi rotatores breves: b. Processus spinosus And transversus (it can attach to the next ones transversus or jump over one) F. Unilateral: segmental lateroflexion, rotation And bilateraalisia: segmental extension
37
What muscles collaborate in the segmental extension?
Musculi interspinales And musculi rotatores breves plus systema transversospinale.
38
Systema intertransversale (long muscles)
Musculus iliocostalis (all) - pars lumbalis O. Crista iliaca I. Angulus costae (6th lower costae) -pars thoracica O. Angulus costae (6th lower costae) I. angulus costae ( 6th upper costae) - pars cervicalis O. Angulus costae (6th upper costae) I. pt. C6-3 Musculi longissumus - pars thoracis: O. Os Sacrum, crista iliaca, Ps. L I. Costa 2-12: vertebra toracis processus transversi -pars cervicis O. Pt. T6-1 I. Pt. C5-2 - pars capitis O. pt. T3-C3 I. Proc mastoideus F. FOR ALL: lateroflexio And extensio
39
What is the length and diameter for canalis inguinalis?
length: 4-5cm Diameter: female 0,5cm, male 1,0cm
40
What runs through canalis inguinalis in male?
funiculus spermaticus
41
What extends through canalis inguinalis in female?
Ligamentum teres uteri
42
Prelum abdominale (facies interna) PLICAS
Plica umbilicalis mediana: ligamentum umbilicals medianum Plica umbilicalis medialis: ligamentum umbilicale mediale Plica umbilicalis lateralis: arteries et veins epigastrica inferior
43
Prelum abdominale (facies interna) FOSSA
Fossa supravesicalis dextra et sinistra: ~ Margo medialis - plica umbilicalis mediana ~ Margo lateralis - plica umbilicalis medialis ~ Margo inferior - vesica urinaria Fossa inguinalis medialis dextra et sinistra (hernia canal for direct inguinal hernias) ~ Margo medialis - plica umbilicalis medialis ~ Margo lateralis - plica umbilicalis lateralis ~ Margo inferior - ligamentum inguinale Fossa inguinalis lateralis dextra et sinistra ~ Margo medialis - plica umbilicalis lateralis ~ Margo inferior - ligamentum inguinale
44
Canalis inguinalis walls
Paries anterior: - aponeurosis Musculus oblique externi abdominis Paries posterior: - Fascia transversalis - peritoneum Paries superior: - Musculus obliquus internus abdominis - Musculus transversus abdominis (lower margins) Paries inferior: - ligamentum inguinale
45
Canalis inguinalis openings
Anulus inguinalis superficialis (projections in Fossa inguinalis medialis) ~ Margo superior - curs mediale ~ Margo inferior - curs laterale ~ Margo medialis - ligamentum reflexum ~ Margo lateralis - Fibrae intercrurales Anulus inguinalis profundus (hernia canal for indirect inguinal hernia) ~ localize in Fossa inguinalis lateralis
46
What is below ligamentum inguinale in the medial corner of lacuna vasorum?
Canalis femoralis = hernia canal for femoral hernia
47
Canalis femoralis walls
Paries medialis ~ Musculi pectineus ~ Fascia pectinea Paries lateralis: ~ vena femoralis Paries anterior: ~ Cornu superius fasciae latae
48
What is anulus femoralis covered by?
Peritoneum Septum femorale Nodus lymphaticus inguinalis profundus s. Nodus lymphaticus pirogowi
49
What is the superficial opening in anulus femoralis?
Hiatus saphenous Covered by fascia cribrosa
50
What is the ring around canalis femoralis?
Anulus femoralis: ~ Margo anterior - ligamentum inguinale ~ Margo posterior - ligamentum pectineale (= connective tissue covering pecten ossis pubis) ~ Margo medialis - ligamentum lacunare (=ending of ligamentum inguinale) ~ Margo lateralis - vena femoralis
51
What are the long muscles in the back?
Musculus iliocostalis (cervicis, thoracis, lumborum) Musculi longissumus (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) Musculi spinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis) Musculi rotatores longi Musculi multifidi breves Musculi multifidi longi Musculi semispinales Musculi splenius cervicis Musculus splenius capitis
52
Musculi longi 1st system? And functio And its muscles?
Systema intertransversale: Musculi iliocostalis - pars lumbalis: o. Crista iliaca, i. Angulus costae (6th lower costae) - pars thoracica: o. Angulus costae (6th lower costae) i. Angulus costae (6th upper costae) - pars cervicalis: o. Angulus costae (6th upper costae) i. Pt. C6-3 Musculi longissumus - pars thoracis: o. Os sacrum, crista iliaca, vertebra lumbales (proc. Spinosi) i. Costa 2-12, vertebra toracis (proc. Transversus) - pars cervicis: o. pt. T6-1 i. Pt. C5-2 - pars capitis: o. pt. T3-C3 i. Processus mastoideus FUNCTIO: lateroflexio et extensio
53
What is the 2nd long muscles system?
2) systema interspinale Musculi spinalis - pars capitis: o. Ps. T3-1, C7-6 i. Squama ossis occipitalis - pars cervicis: o. Ps. T3-1, C7-6 i. Ps. C5-2 -pars thoracis: o. Ps. L2-1, T12-10 i. Ps. T9-2 - also pars lumbalis F. Unilaterally: lateroflexion Bilaterally: extension
54
What do two first systemas of long muscles form together? And what is its function?
Systema intertransversale + interspinale = musculi erector spinae F. Extension Trunci
55
What’s the third systema of long muscles in the back?
3) systems transversospinale - from processus transversus to processus spinosus Musculi rotatores longi: jump over one vertebra Musculi multifidi breves: jump over two vertebra Musculi multifidi longi: jump over three Musculi semispinales: jump over 4-5 vertebra F. Unilaterally: segmental lateroflexion Bilaterally: segmental extension
56
What’s the fourth systema of long muscles in the back?
4) systema spinotransversale - musculus splenius Cervicis O. Ps. T6-T3 ja I. Pt. C1 ja V2 - musculus splenius Capitis O. Ps. T3-C3 ja I. Proc. Mastoideus F. Unilaterally: lateroflexion, rotation of the cervical part of the vertebral column Bilaterally: extension of the cervical part of the vertebral column
57
Direct hernia And indirect hernia difference
Direct comes out straight from anulus inguinalis superficialis Indirect hernia goes through anulus inguinalis profunda to superficialis
58
Vagina musculi recti abdominis
Lamina anterior and posterior
59
What is above and what is below ligamentum inguinale?
Above canalis inguinalis Below canalis femoralis
60
All the places where is fascia thoracolumbalis:
musculus obliquus internus, musculus transversus abdominis, Musculus latisiimus dorsi
61
Adduction brachii?
musculus pectoralis major and Musculus latisiimus dorsi
62
What muscles are connected to Margo medialis scapulae?
Margo medialis scapulae is insertio to musculus serratus anterior and Musculus rhomboideus minor/major
63
What is the other name for diaphragma?
Phren
64
What is the shape of diaphragma? Where is it?
Dome, between Thoracic and abdominal cavity
65
Diaphragma projections:
Dexter: costa 4 Sinister: costa 5 Centrum tendineum - central Pars muscularis - peripherical: 1. Pars sternalis (o. Facies posterior processus xiphoideus) 2. Pars costalis (o. Facies interna costarum 7-12) 3. Pars lumbalis: a. Crus mediale dextrum: L1-L4 b. Crus mediale sinistrum: L1-3 c. Crus intermedium dextrum & sinistrum: L2 d. Crus laterale dextrum & sinistrum: lig. Actuation mediale & laterale
66
Openings of the phren:
Hiatus aorticus Hiatus oesophagus Foramen venue cavae
67
Coverings of phren
Superiorly: - fascia endothoracica - Pleura diaphragmatica Inferiorly: - fascia diaphragmatica - Peritoneum
68
Diaphagram functions:
- respiratory: 100% ventilation of the lower lobes of the lungs and 40-50% of the upper - supporting thricacic and abdominal organs - motor function
69
Main and additional respiratory muscles
Main: m. Intercostales interni/externi, subcostales, levatores costarum, transversus abdominis Additional: m. Serratus, pectoralis minor/major (m. Transversus thoracis expiration)
70
The weak points of abdomen
... are the sites at which hernias tend to develop: Canalis inguinalis 67% Anulus umbilicalis 9% Canalis femoralis 3% Linea alba 1% Trigonum lumbale
71
Which muscles are involved in inspiration?
- Musculus intercostales externi, Musculus levatores costarum (musculus pectoralis minor, in case of hyperventilation)
72
Which muscles are involved in expiration?
Musculus transversus thoracis, Musculus intercostales interni, musculus transversus abdominis, Musculus subcostales
73
Anulus umbilicus
Peritoneum Fascia transversalis Fascia abdominalis propria Subcutis Cutis
74
What is peritoneum?
It covers all the walls of abdomen cavity
75
What’s interesting about canalis femoralis?
It only occurs in case of hernia (3 times often in female) Lies below lig. Inguinale in laguna vasorum
76
Site of weakness of Phren
Trigonum sternocostales dextrum & sinistrum Trigonum lumbocostale Hiatus oesophagi
77
Which are involved in scapulas movement?
- musculus pectoralis minor, musculus rhomboideus minor/major, musculus levator scapulae, musculus trapezius
78
What muscles are affected in segmental lateroflexion?
Musculus rotatores breves and systema transversospinale of long muscles

Anatomy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions