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generalist exam studying > 1st Trimester > Flashcards

1st Trimester Flashcards

1
Q

When MSD is 8mm or greater, and no yolk sac is seen, what does this most likely indicate?

A

Failed early pregnancy

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2
Q

Sonographers using the term gestational age indicates what?

A

Weeks or days since the FIRST day of the LMP

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3
Q

Once a cervix dilates in early pregnancy, what will occur?

A

Abortion

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4
Q

When do fetal kidneys develop?

A

Beginning of the 6th menstrual week

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5
Q

When does the trilaminar embryonic disc form?

A

During gastrulation - when the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are formed.

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6
Q

In a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, which section of the fallopian tube is potentially the most life threatening?

A

Interstitial

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7
Q

The double bleb sign refers to which sonographic presentation?

A

Amnion and adjacent yolk sac

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8
Q

What is the name of the two procedures for an incompetent cervix?

A

McDonald procedure and Shirodkar cerclage

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9
Q

What is the term for threatened abortion?

A

Vaginal bleeding at less than 20 weeks

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10
Q

How much of the endometrial canal should a gestational sac occupy at 8 weeks GA?

A

Half of the endometrial canal

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11
Q

Before fetal kidneys function, what creates amniotic fluid?

A

The amnion

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12
Q

What is an incomplete abortion?

A

Spontaneous abortion with retained products of conception

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13
Q

Is the ovary a common place for ectopic pregnancies?

A

No

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14
Q

What is a blighted ovum?

A

An anembryonic pregnancy - a failed pregnancy
When GA sac MSD is greater than 25mm TA or 18mm TV and no embryo is seen

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15
Q

Trophoblastic disease is associated with which conditions?

A

Pregnancy-induced hypertension, theca-lutein cysts, hyperemesis gravidarum, LGA

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16
Q

What is a theca-lutein cyst?

A

Theca lutein cysts are rare, benign lesions responsible for gross cystic enlargement of both ovaries during pregnancy.

17
Q

A patient is 10wks GA but presents with pregnancy-induced hypertension, what is the main suspicison?

A

Hydatidiform mole

PIH will not usually rear its head until second trimester, and most commonly if it appears in first trimester, it is the hydatidiform mole

18
Q

What are the clinical findings for pre-eclampsia?

A

Proteinuria, excessive maternal weight gain (exceeding 2 lbs a week), and generalized edema

19
Q

CRL begins to lose accuracy after how many GA wks?

A

11 wks

20
Q

What is the double decidual ring sign?

A

Sonographic criterion for determining whether there is a normal gestational sac or just endometrial fluid surrounded by a decidualized endometrium:

Decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis CAPPARI

21
Q

The chorion basalis is is which side of the placenta?

A

Maternal side:

motherbase

22
Q

Chorion frondosum is which side of the placenta?

A

Fetal side of the forming placenta

sumofpart

23
Q

Nearly all congenital malformations occur (except genitalia), originate before or during which period?

A

Embryonic

24
Q

What is the first system to function in the embryo?

A

Cardiovascular system

25
Q

How early can cardiac motion be detected?

A

Aprox. 5.5 wks

26
Q

What does the primitive brain consist of?

A

Prosencephalon - forebrain
Mesencephalon - mid
Rhombencephalon - hind

27
Q

CRL is measured until which week?

A

12th week

28
Q

What is normal nuchal translucency thickness?

A

Less than 3mm

29
Q

How many decibels should power be decreased by for 1st trimester imaging?

A

-3dB

30
Q

What weeks does the embryonic period extend through?

A

6th to 10th GA wks

31
Q

At what week GA does the amnion obliterate the chorionic cavity?

A

By the 16th wk

32
Q

What hormone does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

Proggy

33
Q

How long can you see a corpus luteum cyst up to in weeks?

A

12 wks

34
Q

How large is a corpus luteum typically?

A

Typically less than 5cm in diameter

35
Q

Theca-lutein cysts are typically associated with hormonal levels how?

A

Typically, theca-lutein cysts appear when hormone levels rise quickly, such as a trophoblastic disease

36
Q
A

generalist exam studying (16 decks)

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