1st Vocab Quiz

Question 1

One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.

Answer 1

Archaea

Question 2

One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

A double stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins.

Answer 3

DNA

Question 4

All the organisms that inhabit a particular area, an assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for a potential interaction.

Answer 4

Community

Question 5

The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms

Answer 5

eukarya

Question 6

an experiment in which an experimental group is compared to a control group that varies only in the factor being tested.

Answer 6

controlled experiment

Question 7

The scientific study of life

Answer 7

Biology

Question 8

all the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact; a community and its physical environment

Answer 8

ecosystem

Question 9

Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function

Answer 9

cell

Question 10

a type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles, present in protists, plants, fungi, and animals; also called eukaryote

Answer 10

eukaryotic cell

Question 11

new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.

Answer 11

emergent properties

Question 12

the entire portion of earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet’s ecosystems.

Answer 12

biosphere

Question 13

A scientific test. Often carried out under controlled conditions that involve manipulating one factor in a system in order to see the effects of changing that factor

Answer 13

experiment

Question 14

recorded observations

Answer 14

data

Question 15

all the changes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity that characterizes it today.

Answer 15

evolution

Question 16

a directional change in temperature, precipitation, or other aspect of the global climate that lasts for three decades of more.

Answer 16

climate change

Question 17

a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses.)

Answer 17

genes

Question 18

a factor whose value is measured in an experiment to see whether it is influenced by changes in another factor.

Answer 18

dependent

Question 19

The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead functions as RNAs

Answer 19

gene expression

Question 20

the genetic material of an organism or virus, the complete complement of an organism’s or virus’s genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid sequences

Answer 20

genome

Question 21

the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species

Answer 21

genomics

Question 22

a testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope that a theory.

Answer 22

hypothesis

Question 23

a factor whose value is manipulated or changed during an experiment to reveal possible effects on another factor (the dependent variable)

Answer 23

independent variable

Question 24

two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Answer 24

molecule

Question 25

a process in which individuals that have inherited certain traits tend to survive and reporduce at a higher rate that other individuals becomse of those traits.

Answer 25

natural selection

Question 26

a specialized of body funciton composed of several different types of tissue

Answer 26

organ

Question 27

any of several kinds of membrane enclosed structires with specialized functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells

Answer 27

organelles

Question 28

an individual living thing, consisting of one or more cells

Answer 28

organisms

Question 29

a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.

Answer 29

population

Question 30

a type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles. organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes

Answer 30

prokaryotic cell

Question 31

the entire set of proteins expresses by a given cell, tissue, or organism

Answer 31

proteome

Question 32

the systematic study of the full set of proteins encoded by genomics.

Answer 32

proteomics

Question 33

an approach to understanding the natural world

Answer 33

science

Question 34

the application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research

Answer 34

technology

Question 35

AN explanation that is broader in scope that a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence

Answer 35

theory

Question 36

an integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or both.

Answer 36

tissue

Question 37

a factor that varies during an experiment.

Answer 37

variable