Test 9/12/16 Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
Describe Eubacteria
A
- Prokaryote
- Unicellular
- Photosynthetic
- Chemosynthetic
- Absorbs food
- Has cell wall w/ peptidoglycan
2
Q
Describe Archaebacteria
A
- Prokaryotic
- Unicellular
- Photosynthetic
- Can withstand harsh conditions
- Absorbs food
- Has cell well w/ peptidoglycan
- Consists of ancient bacteria
3
Q
Describe kingdom protista
A
- Eukaryote
- Unicellular and multicellular
- COntains animal-like, plant like, and fungus like categories
- Photosynthetic
- Absorbs food
- Cell wall w/cellulose
4
Q
Describe kingdom fungi
A
- Eukaryote
- Unicellular and multicellular
- Photosynthetic
- Heterotrophic by absorption
- Cell wall w/chitin
5
Q
Describe kingdom plantae
A
- Eukaryotic
- Multicellular
- Photosynthetic
- Cell wall w/cellulose
6
Q
Describe Kingdom Animalia
A
- Eukaryote
- Multicellular
- Heterotrophic by consumption
- No cell wall.
7
Q
What does “archae” mean?
A
Ancient
8
Q
Where do archaebacteria live?
A
Harsh environments, recently found to be in milder environments also
9
Q
Do archaebacteria have peptidoglycan?
A
NO
10
Q
What are the three categories of archaebacteria?
A
Methanogens, Extreme Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles
11
Q
Describe Methanogens
A
- convert H2 and CO2 to methane
- Live in anaerobic conditions
- They are found in bottoms of swamps, sewers, and intestinal tracts of humans (about 50%) and other animals such as cows.
12
Q
Describe Extreme Halophiles
A
- Salt loving
- generate ATP from salt
- Found in Great Salt Lake and Dead Sea
13
Q
Describe Thermoacidophiles
A
- Live in areas of extreme acid content and high temps
- Found in hot springs, volcanic vents, and cracks in the ocean floor
14
Q
What are the 2 bacterial kingdoms?
A
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
15
Q
What does “Eu” mean
A
True
16
Q
What is eubacteria cell wall made of?
A
Peptidoglycan
17
Q
What is peptidoglycan
A
A sugar/protein molecule
18
Q
Where can eubacteria be found?
A
in, ON and around us
19
Q
What are the 6 bacterial shapes?
A
- Rod shaped
- Spherical shaped
- Spiral shaped
- Dip
- Strep
- Staph
20
Q
What is “rod shaped” called
A
Bacilli
21
Q
What is “spherical shaped” called
A
Cocci
22
Q
What is “spiral shaped” called
A
Spirilla
23
Q
What does “Dip” mean?
A
2
24
Q
What does “strep” mean?
A
Chain
25
What does "staph" mean?
CLuster
26
What are the 2 types of gram stains?
Gram positive and gram negative
27
What does it mean to be "gram positive"?
Stain purple
| -Have simpler cell walls, large amounts of peptidoglycan
28
What does it mean to be "gram negative?"
- Stain red or pink
- Have less peptidoglycan therefore have a more complex cell wall
- Tend to be more deadly
- Resistant to many antibiotics
29
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary Fission
30
What is binary fission?
asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring
31
Define autotrohphs
obtain energy from sunlight of minerals (make own food)
32
Define Photoautotrophs
Obtain energy from sunlight
33
Define chemoautotrphs
Obtain enerhgy from minerals
34
Define heterotrophs
Obtain energy from organic matter
35
What are saprophytes?
They feed on dead and decaying material
36
Obligate aerobes
Must have oxygen
37
Obligate anaerobes
cannot live in the presence of oxygen, it will kill them.
38
Faculative anaaerobe
can live with or without oxygen
39
Tell about non vascular plants
- Do not have:
- -Specialized transport tissue
- --Roots, stems, or leaves
40
What is an example of a non vascular plant?
Moss
41
Tell about vascular plants
- Have:
- -true vascular tissue that allows rapid movement of water and substances
- --true roots, stems and leaves
42
What are the 2 types of vessels in plants?
Xylem and Phloem
43
What does the Xylem do?
Transport water
44
What does the Phloem do
Transports nutrients and sugars
45
What are 2 types of seed bearing vascular plants
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
46
Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Gymno- produce seeds in cones, not enclosed in fruit
| Angio-produce a flower and their seeds within a fruit
47
Which plants are the majority of all on the earth?
Angiosperms
48
What doe roots do?
Anchor, Absorb, and store
49
What do stems do?
Support and transport
50
What do leaves do?
Photosynthesis
51
Pistil
All femail parts, consists of the Stigma, style and ovary
52
Stigma
Top parts of the female parts; traps pollen
53
Style
Tube below the stigma through which the pollen passes to get to the ovary
54
Ovary
COntains the egg cells
55
Stamen
Male part of the plant, consists of anther and filament
56
Anther
Top of male part of the plant that makes and holds the pollen
57
Filament
The stalk of the stamen
58
Petal
Inside, usually brightly colored, surrounds reproductive parts, purpose is to attract insects and birds that aid in fertilization
59
Sepal
outside, usually green, small, protects petals
60
What 3 grousp are protists split into?
- Animal like
- Plant like
- fungi like
61
Animal like protists aka....
Protozoans
62
Examples of animal like protists
Amoeba, paramecium
63
Plant like protists aka....
Alga
64
Examples of plant like protists
Giant kelp, green algae
65
Example of fungus like protists
Slime mold, water mold
66
How do fungi get their nutrition?
they feed on dead organisms (saprophytic) or absorb nutrients from living losts, causing harm(parasitic)
67
Examples of fungi
Codyceps, infecting insects
68
HOw do fungi reproduce?
- Budding
- Fragmentations
- Spore productions
69
Budding
Unicellular yeast bud off new cells
70
Fragmentation
A fungus is physically broken apart and regenerates
71
SPore production
many reproductive cells are formed and released
72
Examples of fungi
Mushrooms, mold, yeast
73
What classes are in phylum arthropoda
Crustacea
- Arachnida
- Insecta
- Diplopoda
74
Examples of organisms in class crustacea
Crab, lobster, shrimp
75
Examples of organisms in class arachnida
Scorpion, Tick, Spider
76
Examples of organisms in class insecta
Butterfly, beetle, honey bee
77
Examples of organisms in class diplopoda
Millipedes
78
Examples of orgainsms in class chilopoda
Centipedes
79
What are all the classes of phylum chordata?
Chondrichthyes
- osteichtytes
- Amphibia
- Reptilia
- Aves
- Mammalia
80
What are ectotherms?
Cold blooded
81
What are endotherms?
Warm blooded
82
Examples of organisms in class chondrichthyes
Shark
83
Examples of organisms in class osteichthyes
Seahorse, harring/trout
84
Examples of organisms in class amphibia
Salamander, frog, toad
85
Examples of organisms in class reptilia
Crocodile, turtle, snake, lizard
86
Examples of organisms in class aves
Birds
87
Examples of organisms in class mammalia
Dolphins, humans
88
Which classes of Phylum chordata are ectotherms
Chondrichthyes
- Amphibia
- Reptilia
89
Which classes of phylum chordata are endotherms
Aves, mammalia
