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Edge Computing > 2. IOT NETWORK PROTOCOLS > Flashcards

2. IOT NETWORK PROTOCOLS Flashcards

49 Questions

1
Q

In BLE terminology, what is a ‘GATT’?

a. Generic Audio Transmission Technology
b. Generic Attribute Profile
c. Generic Authentication Transfer Tool
d. Generic Access Transmission Technique

A

Generic Attribute Profile

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2
Q

LoRa’s spreading factor affects which of the following?

a. Power consumption only
b. Operating frequency
c. Data rate and range
d. Modulation technique

A

Data rate and range

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3
Q

Which standard does HaLow follow for wireless communication?

a. 802.11ah
b. 802.11b
c. 802.11ac
d. 802.11n

A

802.11ah

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4
Q

Link Budget …

a. refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) can tolerate in order to operate properly.
b. refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) should have.
c. refers to the difference between the minimum expected power received at the receiver’s end, and the receiver’s sensitivity.
d. refers to a connection between two entities.

A

refers to the amount of loss that a data link (transmitter to receiver) can tolerate in order to operate properly.

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4
Q

Which Sub-GHz ISM frequency does LoRa operate in Singapore?

a. 2.4 Ghz
b. 868 Mhz
c. 466 Mhz
d. 923 Mhz

A

923 Mhz

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5
Q

In LoRa, which class does the following end device fall under:
Battery-powered actuators, Energy efficient with latency controlled downlink, Slotted communication synchronized with a beacon.

a. D
b. B
c. C
d. A

A

B

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6
Q

Which of the following do not contribute to routing in a ZigBee network?

a. ZigBee Router
b. ZigBee End Device
c. ZigBee Master
d. ZigBee Coordinator

A

ZigBee End Device

ZigBee End Devices do not participate in the routing of data. They are typically designed to conserve power and often act as leaf nodes in the network, communicating directly with a parent node (which can be a ZigBee Router or ZigBee Coordinator) but not routing data from other devices.

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7
Q

Bluetooth is designed for short broadcast. There are forty 2-Mhz channels. How many of these channels are reserved for advertising? (enter numerical number)

A

3

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8
Q

Which frequency does Z-Wave operate on?

a. 433 Mhz
b. 868 Mhz
c. 2.4 Ghz
d. 5 Ghz

A

868 Mhz

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8
Q

What is the maximum data rate of latest BLE?

a. 1 Mbps
b. 3 Mbps
c. 2 Mbps
d. 4 Mbps

A

2 Mbps

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9
Q

What is the role of Zigbee end devices in the Zigbee network?

a. Communicates with other nodes
b. Controls the network
c. Both
d. None

A

Communicates with other nodes

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10
Q

Z-Wave is an implementation of a ZigBee protocol.

a. True
b. False

A

False

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11
Q

Which class of LoRaWAN is designed for bidirectional end-devices with scheduled receive slots?

a. Class C
b. Class D
c. Class A
d. Class B

A

Class B

Class A: Primarily focuses on battery efficiency and uses random receive windows after sending transmissions.
Class B: Offers bi-directional communication with scheduled receive slots enabled by beacon synchronization.
Class C: Aims for near-continuous connection with minimal receive windows but high power consumption.
Class D: Is still under development and not widely used yet.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of Zigbee communication?

a. Healthcare
b. Industrial Control
c. Home Automation
d. All of the above

A

All of the above

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13
Q

Which version of Bluetooth introduced BLE?

a. Bluetooth 4.0
b. Bluetooth 2.0
c. Bluetooth 5.0
d. Bluetooth 3.0

A

Bluetooth 4.0

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14
Q

In LoRa, what does increasing the spreading factor (SF) do to the signal’s range and data rate?

a. Increases range and decreases data rate
b. Decreases both range and data rate
c. Decreases range and increases data rate
d. Increases range and data rate

A

Increases range and decreases data rate

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15
Q

Which of the following is not a feature of Zigbee? (choose the best one)

a. High Security
b. Low Power Consumption
c. Real-time Communication
d. Large Bandwidth

A

Large Bandwidth

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16
Q

What is a characteristic of BLE’s ‘Advertising’ mode?

a. Secure data encryption.
b. High data transfer rate.
c. Device discovery and connection establishment.
d. Long-range communication.

A

Device discovery and connection establishment.

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17
Q

What does ‘Pairing’ in BLE involve?

a. Broadcasting data to multiple devices.
b. Exchanging security keys for secure communication.
c. Connecting two devices for data transfer.
d. Adjusting the power level for optimal connection.

A

Exchanging security keys for secure communication.

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17
Q

LoRa modulation technique sits at which OSI layer?

a. Physical
b. Transport
c. Presentation
d. Session
e. Application
f. Datalink
g. Network

A

Physical

17
Q

LoRa modulation is a variation of …

a. Chord Spread Spectrum
b. Chord Space Spectrum
c. Chirp Spread Spectrum
d. Chirp Spectrum Sector

A

Chirp Spread Spectrum

17
Q

What type of modulation is used in LoRa?

a. Amplitude Modulation (AM)
b. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)
c. Phase-Shift Keying (PSK)
d. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)

A

Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS)

18
Q

What does LoRaWAN stand for?

a. Long Range Wide Area Network
b. Logical Routing WAN
c. Low Range Wide Area Network
d. Low Radiation Wireless Access Network

A

Long Range Wide Area Network

18
Q

What is the range typically achievable with BLE technology?

a. Up to 50 meters
b. Up to 150 meters
c. Up to 100 meters
d. Up to 10 meters

A

Up to 100 meters

19
Q

Which of the following supports low energy radio operation?

a. HaLow
b. Bluetooth
c. BLE
d. WiFi

A

BLE

20
Q

Which Class of LoRaWAN is best suited for applications requiring minimal latency?

a. Class B
b. Class A
c. Class D
d. Class C

A

Class C

21
Q

What is the operating frequency of HaLow?

a. 5 Ghz
b. 900 Hz
c. 2.4 Ghz
d. Sub-1 Ghz

A

Sub-1 Ghz

22
Q

What is the main function of the Device EUI in LoRaWAN?

a. To define the device’s operating frequency
b. To specify the data rate
c. To encrypt data
d. To identify the device uniquely on the network

A

To identify the device uniquely on the network

23
Q

Which network topology is not supported by ZigBee?

a. Bus
b. Star
c. Cluster Tree
d. Mesh

A

Bus

24
Q

LoRaWAN’s network server is responsible for:

a. Processing and forwarding data to application servers
b. Managing the radio frequency spectrum
c. Controlling the power output of end devices
d. Directly interacting with end-user applications

A

Processing and forwarding data to application servers

25
Q

Zigbee have a transport layer.

a. False
b. True

A

False

25
Q

Which of the following is needed to be a “ZigBee Compliant Product”

a. ZigBee Stack
b. IEEE 802.15.4
c. IEEE 802.11
d. Application Profile

A
  • ZigBee Stack
  • IEEE 802.15.4
  • Application Profile
26
Q

What is the main advantages of using LoRa for IoT applications?

a. High data rate
b. Low data rate
c. Low power consumption
d. Long range

A

Low power consumption
Long range

27
Q

In BLE, what is the role of a ‘Central’ device?

a. It only receives data.
b. It connects to and controls peripheral devices.
c. It acts as an intermediary between two devices.
d. It broadcasts data to peripheral devices.

A

It connects to and controls peripheral devices.

28
Q

Which of the following Topology does Bluetooth 4.0 support?

a. Mesh
b. Scatter Net
c. Star
d. Ring

A

Star

29
Q

What does LoRa stand for?

a. Long Resonance
b. Low Range
c. Long Radio
d. Long Range

A

Long Range

30
Q

What is the typical range of HaLow compared to traditional Wi-Fi?

a. Same range
b. Shorter range
c. Longer range
d. Unlimited range

A

Longer range

31
Q

Which frequency band does BLE operate in?

a. 5.0 GHz
b. 2.4 GHz
c. 433 MHz
d. 868 MHz
e. 915 MHz

A

2.4 GHz

32
Q

LoRaWAN modulation technique sits at which OSI layer?

a. Presentation
b. Application
c. Transport
d. Physical
e. Network
f. Session
d. Datalink

A

Datalink

33
Q

LoRa is primarily used for?

a. Long-range, low-power consumption
b. Short-range communication
c. Audio and video transmission
d. High-speed data transmission

A

Long-range, low-power consumption

34
Q

What is the main advantages of HaLow over traditional Wi-Fi technologies?

a. Lower power consumption
b. Better security
c. Greater range
d. Faster speeds

A
  1. Lower power consumption
  2. Greater range
35
Q

Which feature distinguishes BLE from Classic Bluetooth?

a. Longer range.
b. Lower energy consumption.
c. Higher data transfer rates.
d. Better audio quality.

A

Lower energy consumption.

36
Q

BLE supports which kind of communication topology?

a. Point-to-Point
b. Star
c. Bus
d. Mesh

A
  1. Point-to-Point
  2. Mesh
37
Q

Which of the following schemes is used by Bluetooth?

a. Frequency hopping FDD scheme
b. Pyramid scheme
c. DSSS FDD scheme
d. DSSS TDD scheme
e. Frequency hopping TDD scheme
f. ABCDEFG scheme
g. VWXYZ scheme

A

Frequency hopping TDD scheme

38
Q

What does BLE stand for?

a. Basic Link Encryption
b. Bluetooth Long Engagement
c. Bluetooth Low Energy
d. Bluetooth Low Efficiency

A

Bluetooth Low Energy

39
Q

What is the role of Zigbee routers in the Zigbee network?

a. Acts as a relay between other nodes
b. Controls the network
c. Both
d. None

A

Acts as a relay between other nodes

40
Q

BLE is particularly designed for:

a. Audio streaming
b. Long-distance communication
c. High-speed data transfer
d. Short-range, low-power communication

A

Short-range, low-power communication

41
Q

What is the main drawback of using LoRa for IoT applications?

a. High power consumption
b. Limited data rate
c. Long range
d. Short range

A

Limited data rate

42
Q

What is the role of Zigbee coordinator in the Zigbee network?

a. Controls the network
b. Communicates with other nodes
c. Both
d. None

A
  1. Controls the network
  2. Communicates with other nodes

Edge Computing (7 decks)

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