20 cards Flashcards
(20 cards)
Sever upper abdo pain that rapidly spreads throughout whole abdomen
Peritoneal irritation caused by leakage of gastric/ duodenal contents into the peritoneal cavity -ie: perforated gut viscus
Ddx: perforated peptic ulcer, diverticulitis, appendicitis, bowel obstruction, trauma, IBD, CRC,
Sudden, severe abdo pain, hypotension
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
syncope during exercise especially swimming, prolonged QT interval, FH of sudden cardiac death
Long QT syndrome
https://app.emedici.com/storage/media/36f5f4cd-96d0-45cd-952f-1795a782731c.jpg
Water bottle sign - pericardial effusion
- RIPE - Image Quality Assessment
Rotation: The clavicles appear symmetrical, indicating minimal to no rotation.
Inspiration: Approximately 6-7 anterior ribs are visible, suggesting adequate inspiration.
Penetration: The spine is faintly visible through the cardiac silhouette, indicating appropriate penetration.
Exposure: The image is well-exposed for assessment of lung fields and mediastinum.
- ABCDE Systematic Review
A - Airway (Trachea & Bronchi)
The trachea is central with no significant deviation.
No evidence of endotracheal tube placement or airway obstruction.
B - Breathing (Lungs & Pleura)
Bilateral diffuse opacities, more prominent in the lower lung zones.
Blunted costophrenic angles suggestive of pleural effusions.
No obvious pneumothorax or focal consolidation.
C - Circulation (Mediastinum, Heart & Vessels)
Cardiomegaly is evident (cardiothoracic ratio >50%).
Pulmonary vasculature appears prominent, possibly indicating pulmonary congestion.
No obvious mediastinal widening to suggest aortic pathology.
D - Diaphragm
The diaphragm appears elevated, possibly due to volume loss, subdiaphragmatic pathology, or poor inspiratory effort.
No evidence of free air under the diaphragm (no pneumoperitoneum).
E - Extras (Bones, Soft Tissues, Tubes, Devices)
Bilateral pacemaker leads in situ.
No acute fractures or dislocations.
No significant soft tissue abnormalities.
Beck’s triad
For cardiac tamponade often due to pericardial effusion - hypotension, distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds
Management of cardiac tamponade
- O2, volume expansion, bed rest with leg elevation, avoid PPV
Treatment - bedside needle pericardiocentesis +/- US guided +/- catheter placement for ongoing drainage
- surgical options: creation of pericardial window or removing pericardium
- traumatic/ unstable/ arrests: thoracotomy and opening of pericardial sac
What type of necrosis occurs in electrical burns
Coagulative
Complications of electrical burns
Rhabdomyolysis –> AKI and compartment syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy
Prevalance and peak of intussception
4-9 months, declines around 18 months
Intussception clin F
4-9 month old, intermittent abdo pain, non- bilious and bilious vomiting, red currant jelly stool, pulling legs to chest, sausage shaped mass in RUQ
Dx of intussception
Target sign on US
Infant, corckscrew appearance on upper GI series
Midgut volvulus
Neonate, double bubble sign on AXR
Duodenal atresia
Pneumatosis intestinalis
Presence of gas in the bowel –> necrotising enterocolitis
Expected CSF results for bacterial meningitis
Elevated protein, decreased glucose, elevated WCC
Common findings in severe malaria
Thrombocytopenia and hypoglycemia
What ECG finding is consistent with posterior MI?
ST depression in the anterior leads v1-v3
Which vessel would be affected in a posterior myocardial infarction?
Right coronary or right circumflex artery
Use of what in right ventricular infarction can cause profound hypotension
GTN - because the right ventricle is preload dependent
Tetanus ppx in wound management
https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/resources/tables/table-guide-to-tetanus-prophylaxis-in-wound-management
- if <3 doses of vaccination/uncertain status
- wound is large and contaminated
