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indications for POCUS
Trauma: free fluid, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade
Cardiac: ventricular function, pericardial effusion, preload assessment, valvular assessment
Lung: pleural effusion, lung consolidation
Abdomen: gallstones, hydronephrosis, bladder volume, ascites
Obstetrics and gynaecology: pregnancy confirmation, ectopic pregnancy
Vascular: assessment of deep-vein thrombosis, aortic aneurysm
Musculoskeletal: tendinopathies, joint effusion
Procedures: vascular access, fluid drainage
Shock: unexplained hypotension, fluid status
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chalazion
Common bacteria in dog bite infections
Pasteurella species, staph aureus, streptococcus, capnocytophaga canimorsus
Human bites pathogen
Eikenella corrodens
When is ABX therapy given vor bites
Clenched fist injuries
Infected bites
Presumptive therapy:
Presentation to medical care delayed by >8 hours
Puncture wound that can’t be adequately debrided
Wound on hands, feet,face
Involving deeper tissues like bones, joints, tendons
Open fracture
Immunocompromised, ETOH liver disease, DM
Cat bite
Presumptive therapy for bites
Amoxicillin and clavulanate
Emperical therapy for bites
Amoxicllin and calvulanate
Mng of bites
Cleaning, irrigation, debridement, elevation , immobilisation
Consider post exposure rabies or lyssavirus ppx- immunisation handbook has what bites
For human bites consider postexposure ppx against BBV
Consider ABx
Xeropthalmia
Clinical manifestation of vit A deficiency - night blindness, dry eyes, bitot spots
Treatment of xeropthalmia
Vit A supplementation
Bitot spots
Grey-white foamy patches on temporal conjunctiva associated with vit A def
Blepharitis
Chronic inflammatory condition of eyelid margins
Features of belpharitis
Itchy red eyes
Gritty eyes
Crusting along eyelashes
Posterior blepharitis
Dysfucntion of meibomian glands - associated with rosacea
Treatment of blepharitis
Lid hygiene - warm compress and gentle cleansing of eyelid margins
