tox cardsss

Question 1

ABG typical for aspiring overdose

Answer 1

Mixed resp alkalosis and metabolic acidosis
- stimulates resp center leading to hyperventilation and resp alkalosis + metabolic acidosis via accumulation of organic acids

Question 2

Mng of symptomatic post corrosive ingestion

Answer 2

IV PPIs -> esophagoscopy within 24 hours

Question 3

Recommended maximum daily dose for paracetamol in children

Answer 3

60mg/kg/day

Question 4

When/ what is the 8 hour rule in paracetamol overdose?

Answer 4

Check paracetamol level and give acetylcystein if detectable at 8 hours post ingestion - where ingestion time is unknown

Question 5

Tx for local anaesthetic toxicity

Answer 5

Intralipid therapy

Question 6

Clin f of local anasthetic toxicity

Answer 6

CNS and CV manifestations - seizures, AMS, arrhythmias

Question 7

First line therapy for TCA toxicity

Answer 7

sodium bicarbonate - tx QRS widening and prevention of arrhythmias

Question 8

Mng of snake bites by unknown snake or in emergency situations

Answer 8

IV polyvalent antivenom

Question 9

Clin f of brown snake enveonmation i

Answer 9

neurotoxicity, coagulopathy, myotoxicity

Question 10

Features of opiod overdose

Answer 10

AMS, bilateral miosis, resp depression
Myoclonic jerks
Decreased vitals

Question 11

Chelating agent for acute mercury, lead, arsenic,gold toxicity

Answer 11

IV dimercaprol

Question 12

What is PO succimer used for

Answer 12

Chelating agent for chronic mercury exposure or as f/u therapy after intial tx with dimercaprol

Question 13

What is PO penicillamine used for

Answer 13

Chelating agent for heavy metal poisoning esp copper and lead

Question 14

Clin F of chronic mercury exposure

Answer 14

Tremor
Personality changes
Gingivitis

Question 15

What PPE is required for paraquat herbicide poisoning for healthcare workers

Answer 15

Full PPE

Question 16

When is N- acetylcysteine used

Answer 16

Antidote for paracetamol toxicity - administered in all cases of paracetamol induced acute liver failure - even if paracetamol level is not elevated

Question 17

Memory aid for anticholingeric toxidrome

Answer 17

Blind as a bat= mydriasis
Mad as a hatter = delirium, agitation, hallucinations
Red as a beet= flushing
Hot as a hare= hyperthermia
Dry as a bone = dry mucus membranes, anhidrosis

Question 18

initial tx for chlorine gas exposure

Answer 18

supplemental oxygen and bronchodilators
if severe- consider corticosteriods to reduce airway inflammation

Question 19

clinical features suggestive of fulminant liver failure

Answer 19

progressive confusion and agitation (hepatic encephalopathy) and signs of impaired liver synthetic function, such as bruising and haematemesis, which indicate coagulopathy. The oedema suggests hypoalbuminaemia, another complication of liver failure.

Question 20

which drugs caused prolonged QT interval

Answer 20

many ‘anti-‘ drugs are associated with this phenomenon, including antiarrhythmics, antibiotics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiemetics, and antifungals.

Question 21

https://app.emedici.com/storage/media/c589be63-754b-4dd2-990c-4ab4b4f448a9.jpg

Answer 21

torsades

Question 22

https://app.emedici.com/storage/media/6e401a59-d92f-4de1-bc82-ed50938c034e.jpg

Answer 22

prolonged QT interval

Question 23

https://app.emedici.com/storage/media/1dea54fc-d7e5-4fa3-a00f-27c5ca264034.jpg

Answer 23

ventricular pre- excitation

Question 24

why do you give high flow oxygenin carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 24

reduces the half-life of carboxyhaemoglobin from 4-5 hours to approximately 1 hour.

Question 25

late finding seen in severe carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 25

cherry red mucus membranes

Question 26

TX acute opiod overdose

Answer 26

Bolus intravenous or intramuscular naloxone is the most appropriate next step in management. Naloxone is a competitive opioid receptor antagonist that rapidly reverses opioid effects. Initial bolus doses (typically 0.4-2 mg IV/IM) should be titrated to restore adequate respiratory function without precipitating complete withdrawal. The goal is to improve respiratory rate and oxygen saturation while maintaining airway reflexes, not necessarily to fully reverse sedation

Question 27

Clin F of chronic lead toxicity

Answer 27

Fatigue, abdo pain, cognitive symptoms

Question 28

At what blood concentration would you consider removing someone from a workplace where they are gettting lead poisoned

Answer 28

>0.48 umol/L

Question 29

What is the active ingredient in antifreeze

Answer 29

ethylene glycol- type of etoh

Question 30

Antidote for antifreeze ingestion

Answer 30

Fomepizole

Question 31

Metabolic disturbance in antifreeze poisnongin

Answer 31

High AG metabolic acidosis